Wednesday, October 4, 2023

Rakhaine

Rakhaine

The Rakhine (Burmese:formerly Arakanese), is a nationality in Burma forming the majority along the coastal region of present day Rakhine State. They possibly constitute 5.53% or more of Myanmar’s total population but no accurate census figures exist. Arakanese people also live in the southeastern parts of Bangladesh, especially in Chittagong and Barisal Divisions. A group of Arakanese descendants, living in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh at least since the 16th century, are known as the Marma people. These Arakanese descendants have been living in that area since the Arakanese kingdom’s control of the Chittagong region.
rakhain
Arakanese descendants spread as far north as Tripura state in India, where their presence dates back to the ascent of the Arakanese kingdom when Tripura was ruled by Arakanese kings. In northeast India, these Arakanese people are referred to as the Mog, while in Bengali, the Marma (the ethnic Arakanese descendants in Bangladesh) and other Arakanese people are referred to as the Magh people.
The Rakhaing is the smallest Indigenous group in Bangladesh. They established their settlement in Cox;s Bazar, Patuakhali and Borguna district about 80% of the Rakhain live in Cox’s Bazar district. Rest of them live in Patuakhali and Borguna district. There were 4049 Rakhain in the Patuakhali region in 1872. The number increased to 16,394 in 1951, but then gradually reduced to 3,713 in 1979 (Bangladesh Statistical Year Book, 1997).
Few of them are living in the Bandarban district. The census of 1991 recorded the number of Rakhain population in Bangladesh at about 16,932 (Khaleque, 1998). The population of Cox’s Bazar district is 1419260 (census-1991, Banglapedia, 2004). So the percentage of Rakhain community in Cox’s Bazar district is 0.95%, Cox’s Bazar sadar upazila is 1.57%, Ramu upazila 0.80%, Chakaria upazila 0.85% (Population census-1991 and Aung, 2005).

What is The purpose of Spreading communalism???

"Recently, in Rouzan, Chittagong, there is an attempt to focus on an incident involving a missing youth named Shibli Sadik, aged 20, and the discovery of his body. This incident has become the center of attention on various social media platforms like Facebook and YouTube. Some individuals are making efforts to spread communal and divisive narratives surrounding this incident. They are spreading various misleading information and attempting to provoke animosity between Bengalis and hill tribe people. As a result, instances of hate speech and harassment against hill tribe communities are occurring in various places. This is completely unacceptable. It is necessary for everyone to maintain unity."


Regarding the recent incident, it is learned through media that in the Kadlapur area of Rouzan, Chittagong, there is an incident related to a missing youth named Shibli Sadik. He was working under Shibli Sadik in a poultry farm in the hills (Marma community). Even though the matter was resolved by the farm owners, on August 28, Shibli Sadik was abducted, and some of the hill youth working on the farm were also taken away.

Later, the father of the abducted youth went to Bandarban and paid a ransom of two lakh Taka to the kidnappers. However, even after the kidnappers promised to release Shibli Sadik, he did not return home. Consequently, the father of the abducted youth filed a case with the police station, and the police arrested several individuals, including Umang Singh Marma, the main accused in the case, from the Chandgaon area of Chittagong city.

Then, on the night of September 11, a police team led by the Officer-in-Charge (OC) of the Rouzan police station, along with Umang Singh Marma, recovered some skeletal remains from the jungle of Betbunia Union in Rangamati, a bordering area of Rouzan upazila. Subsequently, with these skeletal remains, the police returned to the police station and headed towards the Kadlapur area of Kadlapur, sparking unrest among the locals.

People threw logs on the road, blocked the police vehicle, and attacked Umang Singh Marma, who was in police custody, leading to a violent clash. The crowd took Umang Singh Marma from the police and lynched him."

After this incident, attempts are being made to spread misinformation through media channels. Through social media, people are posting and creating videos to spread information in a distorted manner. Some have started propagating false narratives, such as 'tribals have killed and eaten the heart' to create hatred within a certain section of Bengalis. This has led to social media users making various allegations. Additionally, in areas including Rangunia and parts of Chittagong city, people are using social media to insult hill people, telling them to 'eat human flesh,' and similar derogatory remarks.

Furthermore, in the adjacent areas of Rouzan, hill students and hill residents are living in fear and distress, as they have become targets of harassment and threats.

The point is, regardless of the offender's identity, they must face punishment. Those involved in the 'heart attack' incident must also be held accountable, and there must be a proper legal process. The country has laws and a judicial system to handle such cases. However, taking the suspect from the custody of the police, lynching them, is a serious crime in itself. It is extrajudicial killing. Therefore, those involved in this lynching cannot escape punishment. They must also be brought within the framework of the law to ensure justice."

On the other hand, it is the responsibility of the police to protect the suspect and ensure their proper processing in court. However, the police failed to do so. Instead, the police took the suspect away from their custody before handing them over to the court, and the suspect was lynched. This is a grave crime in itself. Whether it was due to police weakness or complicity is difficult to ascertain. Because if the police had taken appropriate measures to disperse the crowd and protect the suspect in accordance with the law, the lynching could have been prevented. However, whether the police deliberately allowed the lynching to happen is a matter that needs investigation."

The text discusses the responsibility of the police to protect suspects and ensure they are properly processed through the legal system. It also raises questions about whether the police played a role in allowing the lynching to occur and suggests that further investigation is needed to determine the circumstances surrounding the incident.

The Shibli Sadik Hriday murder case is an isolated incident. Such incidents are unfortunately observed in various parts of the country. Those responsible for these crimes are considered criminals under the country's prevailing laws, and they will face legal consequences.

However, the key question here is why this incident is being used as a focal point to exert pressure on an entire community? What is the purpose behind it, and who is spreading this communal hatred? Are there any vested interests involved? These questions need to be answered. Therefore, it is necessary for the government and the administration to keep a close watch on the Rouzan incident to prevent the emergence of any communal situation and take legal action against those who are spreading communal hatred.

The indigenous tribes of Bangladesh: small voices lost in the sea of frustration

Bangladesh, with its broken electoral system, diminishing democracy and neglected human rights, lives in a state of violent peace. The student protests that broke out in August 2018 gave the citizens a glimpse of what order and decency could do for the welfare of the country, only to be buried beneath government clampdowns and violence leading from the ensuing protests by public vehicle operators. Bangladeshis are silenced, exploited, abused and too conditioned to respond with a blind eye to being robbed of their basic civil liberties. So when the voices of the majority have been snuffed out so many times, what hope is there for the people who live on the margins?

The only means, however flimsy, for safeguarding the rights of the CHT people is to have more representatives within the mainstream political parties of Bangladesh.

The Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) region of Bangladesh is home to the biggest settlements of Bangladeshi indigenous tribes, separated from mainstream Bangladeshis by religion, culture and livelihood. According to the 2011 Census, the indigenous or Adivasi population makes up approximately 1.8 per cent of the total population, but this is a contested percentage given that the tribes report higher numbers. The CHT region was annexed by the British in 1860 and the tribes given autonomy and protection from exploitation of their economic, cultural and social practices. After the division of Bengal, the CHT was made a part of East Pakistan and consequently a part of the modern-day port city of Chittagong. Historically, the people of the CHT tribes, while they still held autonomy over the region, wanted to be integrated with India due to their similarity in cultural and religious practices. This helped paint them as outsiders, not part of mainstream Bangladesh, especially since they refused to adopt Bengali cultural practices and wished to retain autonomy over their land. The conflict with the CHT people has more to do with the land they occupy than their refusal to accept Bangladeshi norms, but it has formed the basis of perpetual strife as the government continues to impose a hegemonic national identity over all citizens.  It has also created grounds for creating impediments to the development of the CHT people, slowing down initiatives for their welfare and education or advancement of their livelihood opportunities.

Bangladesh is no stranger to severe human rights violations and man-made disasters, often with little or no political retribution or actionable response. It is not a safe country for women, whether professional or homemakers, it is not safe for students or activists or progressive thinkers, and it is not a safe country for minimum wage workers. It is understandable that in these conditions, the concern for the voices of the CHT people is muted. But it is vital for the global image of Bangladesh that they not be forgotten. The Bangladeshi government has signed multiple international agreements such as the International Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Racial Discrimination (signed in 1979) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ratified in 2000), and committed to following the Sustainable Development Goals, which include six specific provisions for indigenous populations, about which the Prime Minister has claimed to lead by example. Domestically, the current political administration, during its tenure in 1997, signed the Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord after years of conflict between the Bangladeshi military and the guerrilla forces of Shanti Bahini, which formed under the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti (PCJSS) over the oppression of the CHT people.  To this day, grievances still exist over the neglect and improper implementation of the Accord among the tribes.

Despite the existence of these treaties and accords in regard to policy-making for the CHT region, the provision of welfare, social justice and protection remains an unfair and ill-implemented system, and not only because these measures remain blindly top-down in their inception. The idea of ‘the other’ is a deeply embedded sentiment among Bangladeshis, and the brunt of such discrimination is openly borne by all minorities that reside in the nation. The only means, however flimsy, for safeguarding the rights of the CHT people is to have more representatives within the mainstream political parties of Bangladesh. For decades, the CHT people have been represented by officials chosen by the incumbent government. However, a look at the Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs website shows how the history of the region has been misrepresented to fit the narrative of a democratic Bangladesh. This appearance of peace stands even as reports continue to flow in about the authorities refusing to take action against multiple cases of rape of tribal women and girls or the abduction and torture of tribal leaders.

All this is not to say that services for the CHT tribes do not exist. Some development measures have reached the region through the work of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Amnesty International and local NGOs. The UNDP Bangladesh website reports that with the help of the Bangladeshi government and international partnerships, the safety and welfare of the CHT people have improved significantly. In 2011, the government formally recognised tribal and ethnic communities, thus setting the stage for policies to protect their rights and freedoms. Given that the CHT Accord was signed in 1997, this recognition fourteen years later is indicative of how deeply the nationalist sentiment is ingrained within the policy-making of human rights protection. However, the website goes on to state that the CHT Accord will be fully implemented by 2020 as part of the nation’s seventh ‘Five Year Plan’. Major development projects that have been implemented through the Bangladeshi government and its partnerships include better infrastructure, better training of local police, an increased number of schools teaching in local languages and improved healthcare services, among others.

All this progress means nothing, however, if the voices on the ground are not heard. Without legal representation, the indigenous communities face deprivation in terms of basic citizenship rights. Without citizenship rights, the political parties feel no obligation to cater to their needs in order to secure their votes. As long as their representatives are chosen by the administration in power, their needs and struggles will not become common knowledge within mainstream channels and they will continue to retain their identity as ‘the other’ rather than as part of a culturally diverse, secular Bangladesh.

It is easy for the rights of minorities to be pushed onto the back burner, given the fundamental flaws in the judicial, political, economic and social systems in Bangladesh that plague its majority millions. Nonetheless, it is important to continue to draw attention to the plight of the indigenous tribes, so that any sustainable solutions that Bangladesh strives towards in the future will include these under-represented communities as well, and not just the majority.

Author- Tanzia Amina Hoque

Sunday, July 30, 2023

Media BAN on Indigenous people

Media Ban!!On the night of May 31, Agrojyoti Bhante was brutally attacked by two machete-wielding men at a monastery in Khagrachari, 270km (168 miles) south of capital Dhaka in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT).

The attackers, later identified as two Bengali construction workers who worked at the monastery, also looted about 60,000 takas ($700) from the monastery and left the 47-year-old Buddhist monk, belonging to one of Bangladesh’s Indigenous communities, for dead.

While no accurate data on the number of Indigenous people in Bangladesh is available, a census conducted by the government in 2011 found they are about 1.6 million.

But Indigenous and activist groups claim their population is at least 3 million, or 2 percent, of more than 160 million people in the Muslim-majority country.

try, the majority of them living in the northern and southeastern plains. The rest, about 20 percent, are in CHT – most of them Buddhists. In the plains, most are Christians.

Three attacks in a week

Indigenous groups and activists say the communities suffer from gross human rights violations and disparities.

On May 30, a day before the Khagrachari incident, a case of arson against the Indigenous Khasi people was reported at Baralekha in Moulvibazar district, 278km (170 miles) from CHT.

Unknown miscreants had cut down thousands of betel leaf trees at an Indigenous farm that served as the primary source of income for at least 48 families in the area, who, according to sources, incurred a loss of at least $8,000.

According to local media reports at the time, unidentified settlers were busy illegally occupying three other Indigenous betel leaf farms in a different area of the town, triggering anger among the Khasi community.

On June 6, The Daily Star newspaper reported that in Dinajpur, some 350km (217 miles) from Moulvibazar on the other end of the country, a lawsuit was filed against 22 Indigenous Santal community members.

Plaintiff Mahbubur Rahman, a local Bengali, claimed the men, led by Rabindranath Soren, the president of a local Indigenous rights organisation, allegedly pillaged his crop worth $530.

Santal community leaders protested against the lawsuit, calling it a false allegation to harass the Indigenous people who were engaged in a land dispute with Rahman.

gal occupiers in Moulvibazar, and promises were made by the local law enforcement authority to look into the land dispute in Dinajpur.

But three separate incidents of attacks on Indigenous people in a span of a week sparked an atmosphere of fear among the marginalised communities.

Land grab by Bengali settlers

Locals believe the attacks were carried out as part of a larger ploy to grab the lands belonging to the Indigenous people – an issue far too common in a country facing a decades-old rift between the Indigenous communities and the Bengali settlers.

The strife between the settlers and the Indigenous communities has a long and complex history that goes back to 1980, when landless Bengali families first began migrating to CHT en masse.

In the years that followed, Bengali settlers outnumbered the Indigenous population in the southern region.

A 2002 paper by Zobaida Nasreen and Masahiko Togawa, titled Politics of Development: “Pahari-Bengali” Discourse in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, shows that in 1959, the Indigenous population in CHT was 91 percent, with the rest being settlers.

In the next 30 years, by 1991, the settler population had risen to 48 percent in the region, displacing much of the Indigenous people, causing them to drop to 51 percent.

Citing a 2016 book by Devasish Roy, circle chief of the Chakmas, the largest Indigenous group in the country, The Daily Star reported that approximately 200,000 to 450,000 Bengali people were rehabilitated in the region between 1979 and 1985.

More than 100,000 Indigenous people migrated to neighbouring India during this time, though many of them returned in the 1990s.

ries – in the hills as well as the plains – to accommodate a booming Bengali population.

The settlements sparked land disputes and violent clashes between the settlers and the local communities that continue to this day.



Monday, July 24, 2023

Manipur: India outrage after women paraded naked in violence-hit state

 


A video showing two women being paraded naked by a mob in the north-eastern state of Manipur, hit by violent ethnic clashes, has sparked outrage in India.

The police say they have opened a case of gang rape and arrested a man, adding that others will be held soon.

On Thursday, parliament's session in Delhi was disrupted as lawmakers demanded a debate on the issue.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi also said the incident had "shamed India" and that "no guilty will be spared".

"I assure the nation, the law will take its course with all its might. What happened with the daughters of Manipur can never be forgiven," he said, finally breaking his silence on Manipur more than two months after violence erupted.

Chief Justice of India DY Chandrachud also expressed concern over the assault, saying the Supreme Court was "deeply disturbed over the video". Telling the government to inform the court about the steps being taken against the accused, the chief justice said "we will take action if you don't".

Deadly violence has plunged Manipur, a scenic Indian state bordering Myanmar, into turmoil for more than two months.

Clashes between members of the majority Meitei and the Kuki tribal communities have resulted in their complete segregation. At least 130 people have died and 60,000 have been displaced.

The two women, who are Kukis, were assaulted by men of the Meitei group.

Warning: This article contains details some readers may find distressing.

Police say the assault on the women took place on 4 May but it made national headlines on Thursday after the video started going viral on social media. The federal government has asked all social media companies to delete the video from their platforms.

The horrific video of the two women was widely shared on social media on Wednesday. It shows them being dragged and groped by a mob of men who then push them into a field.

The Indigenous Tribal Leaders' Forum (ITLF) said in a statement that the atrocities had been committed in a village in Kangpokpi district against women from the Kuki-Zo tribal community. It also alleged that the women had been gang raped.

Presentational grey line

Women's bodies have become a battleground

By Geeta Pandey, BBC News, Delhi

It's well known that women's bodies often become a battleground during riots and conflicts, and rape and sexual assault are used as instruments of violence to punish them.

The sexual assault of the Kuki women in Manipur is the latest example. The footage showing the women weeping, wincing in pain and begging their attackers to show some mercy is disturbing to watch.

The fact that the first arrest has been made only now, more than two months after the attack was reported to police, does not inspire confidence in the authorities - all the more so since many of the men are clearly identifiable in the footage.

But the outrage that followed the video's emergence in India has put the spotlight on the horrific crime. It has also raised questions about the failure of the state in comforting the survivors - and finally forced Mr Modi to make a statement on the ethnic violence that is tearing Manipur apart.

To restore some sort of confidence in Manipur, especially among the minority Kuki community, the authorities are now under pressure to act swiftly against the perpetrators and bring justice to the women. People across the country feel this should not be happening in modern India.

Presentational grey line

"The gang rape of the women happened after the village was burnt down and two men - one middle-aged and another a teenager - were beaten to death by the mob," the ITLF said.

But the police complaint filed by a relative of one of the women said only one of them was gang raped. It added that a third woman had been forced to strip but she is not seen in the video.

Police said that the incident took place on 4 May and that a case of abduction and gang rape and murder had been registered in Thoubal district.

The assault has been condemned by politicians across the spectrum.


credit-- bbc

Thursday, November 10, 2022

“Bangladesh Has No Indigenous People”

 In 2011, the Bangladesh government enacted the “Small Ethnic Group Cultural Institute Law”, an act that would classify the 40-45 non-Bengali ethnic tribes as “ethnic minorities”. On the eve of enactment, the contemporary Foreign Minister, Dipu Moni, said “Bangladesh does not have any indigenous population”; a similar claim had been made by the Bangladeshi delegate to the 9th UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues a year before. In 2012, an internal official memo, circulated in the Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development, stated “steps should be taken to publicize/broadcast in the print and electronic media that there are no Indigenous people in Bangladesh”.

These statements are not isolated remarks made by ultranationalist or poorly informed bureaucrats, but rather a reflection of the government’s attitude towards “ethnic minorities” since the inception of Bangladesh in 1971. In 1972, Bangladesh ratified the International Labor Organization’s Convention 107 on Indigenous and Tribal Populations, which guarantees the protection of minority rights through “progressive integration”, but it has not yet ratified ILO’s Convention 169, created in 1991 in response to the criticism that Convention 107 was assimilationist. Convention 169 adopted the term “self-determination” and remains the only binding instrument dedicated to the rights of Indigenous peoples. Bangladesh’s refusal to ratify Convention 169 continues a legacy of tribal populations being viewed as “alien others” in the Bengali-Muslim majority state. From constitutional amendments to economic development policy, a two decades long civil war, and continued oppression, the history of the indigenous people in Bangladesh is one of their right to self-determination being denied. 

The fate of any population in the Indian subcontinent can be traced back to 200 years of British colonial policy. But to solely lay the blame on the British and argue that nascent post-colonial states have inherited land conflicts between “ethnic minorities” and majority populations, as the Center for Development Research, Bangladesh (CDRB) has done in their monograph The Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh: The Untold Story (1992), overlooks the policy decisions the subsequent governments of these states have enacted to prevent indigenous “self-determination”. The Adibashis (indigents) of Bangladesh have not just lost their lands as minorities in successive colonial administrations, but their very way of life. Broken promises by governments, forced assimilations, and state repression threaten their very existence, slowly driving them towards extinction. 


Saturday, January 23, 2016

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āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻĻিāĻŦāĻ¸ āĻĒাāĻ˛িāĻ¤ āĻšāĻš্āĻ›ে āĻ†āĻœ। āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻĒāĻž্āĻšāĻĻāĻļ āĻ¸ংāĻļোāĻ§āĻ¨ীāĻ¤ে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—āĻŖāĻ•ে ‘āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি, āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী, āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¤া āĻŦা āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাā§Ÿ’ āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ…āĻ­িāĻšিāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ›ে āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°। āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°ি āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖা āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻ–্āĻ¯াāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ¨েāĻ¤ৃāĻŦৃāĻ¨্āĻĻ āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ো āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻĻিāĻŦāĻ¸āĻŸি āĻĒাāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ে।
āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ¨েāĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ে, āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļে ā§Ēā§ĢāĻŸি āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§Ÿ ā§Šā§Ļ āĻ˛াāĻ– āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¸াংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨িāĻ• āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻĻিāĻ¤ে āĻĻীāĻ°্āĻ˜āĻĻিāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻœাāĻ¨িā§Ÿে āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ›ে āĻĒাāĻšাā§œি āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¤āĻ˛ āĻ…āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ¸ংāĻ—āĻ āĻ¨। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻā§œিā§Ÿে āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ›ে āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°।
āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻĢোāĻ°াāĻŽেāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ­াāĻĒāĻ¤ি āĻœ্āĻ¯োāĻ¤িāĻ°িāĻ¨্āĻĻ্āĻ°্āĻ° āĻŦোāĻ§িāĻĒ্āĻ°িā§Ÿ āĻ˛াāĻ°āĻŽাāĻ“ (āĻ¸āĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻ˛াāĻ°āĻŽা) āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜ āĻ˜োāĻˇিāĻ¤ ā§¯ āĻ†āĻ—āĻ¸্āĻŸে ‘āĻ†āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻĻিāĻŦāĻ¸’ āĻĒাāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°াāĻ° āĻĒāĻ•্āĻˇে। āĻĻিāĻŦāĻ¸āĻŸি āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°ীā§ŸāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻĒাāĻ˛āĻ¨েāĻ°āĻ“ āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻ¤াāĻ°। āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻŦāĻ•্āĻ¤āĻŦ্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻš্āĻ›ে, ‘āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি, āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¤া, āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাā§Ÿ āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ‰āĻ˛্āĻ˛েāĻ– āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—āĻŖ āĻ¤া āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻ–্āĻ¯াāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ›ে। āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ¸ংāĻļোāĻ§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸াংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨িāĻ• āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻĻিāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—āĻŖ āĻ¨াāĻ¨াāĻŽুāĻ–ী āĻļোāĻˇāĻŖ, āĻŦāĻž্āĻšāĻ¨া āĻ“ āĻŦৈāĻˇāĻŽ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻļিāĻ•াāĻ° āĻšā§Ÿে āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ›ে। āĻ…āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻšāĻ¤ āĻļোāĻˇāĻŖ-āĻŦāĻž্āĻšāĻ¨াāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¤্āĻŽāĻĒāĻ°িāĻšā§Ÿ, āĻ†āĻ¤্āĻŽāĻ¨িā§ŸāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°, āĻ­াāĻˇা, āĻ¸ংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻ“ āĻāĻ¤িāĻš্āĻ¯ āĻšাāĻ°াāĻ¤ে āĻŦāĻ¸েāĻ›ে। āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¸্āĻ¯ āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ° āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¤্āĻŦেāĻ“ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ° āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ো āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻĻিāĻŦāĻ¸ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻ¯াāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ¨ি।’
āĻ¸āĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻ˛াāĻ°āĻŽাāĻ° āĻĻাāĻŦি, āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽ āĻšুāĻ•্āĻ¤ি āĻ¯āĻĨাāĻ¯āĻĨ āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻ¤āĻŦাā§ŸāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে āĻāĻŦং āĻ āĻ˛āĻ•্āĻˇ্āĻ¯ে āĻ¸āĻŽā§ŸāĻ¸ূāĻšি āĻ­িāĻ¤্āĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°্āĻŽāĻĒāĻ°িāĻ•āĻ˛্āĻĒāĻ¨া āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖা āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜ āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻˇāĻĻে ā§¨ā§Ļā§Ļā§­ āĻ¸াāĻ˛ে āĻ—ৃāĻšীāĻ¤ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¸āĻŽāĻ°্āĻĨāĻ¨ āĻ“ āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻ¤āĻŦাā§ŸāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে।
āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯āĻĻিāĻ•ে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻ¨া āĻ•āĻ°াāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ°োāĻ§ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ°। āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻŦāĻ•্āĻ¤āĻŦ্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻš্āĻ›ে, āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻĒāĻž্āĻšāĻĻāĻļ āĻ¸ংāĻļোāĻ§āĻ¨ী āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¯াā§Ÿী āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ে āĻĻেāĻļে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ…āĻ¸্āĻ¤িāĻ¤্āĻŦ āĻ¨া āĻĨাāĻ•āĻ˛েāĻ“ āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§Ÿ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜ āĻ˜োāĻˇিāĻ¤ āĻ†āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻĻিāĻŦāĻ¸ে ‘āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী’ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŸি āĻŦাāĻ° āĻŦাāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§Ÿে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻĒāĻž্āĻšāĻĻāĻļ āĻ¸ংāĻļোāĻ§āĻ¨ীāĻ¤ে āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸āĻ°āĻ¤ āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ•ে āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻŦা āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻ†āĻ–্āĻ¯াā§ŸিāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ•ি āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°ি āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাā§Ÿ āĻ†āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻĻিāĻŦāĻ¸েāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻˇ্āĻ াāĻ¨, āĻ†āĻ˛োāĻšāĻ¨া āĻ“ āĻŸāĻ•āĻļোāĻ¤ে ‘āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী’ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŸিāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻšাāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°াāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ°োāĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻ†āĻ˛োāĻšāĻ¨া āĻ“ āĻŸāĻ•āĻļোāĻ¤ে āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖāĻ•াāĻ°ী āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ্āĻ¯াāĻ˛ā§ŸেāĻ° āĻļিāĻ•্āĻˇāĻ•, āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻœ্āĻž āĻāĻŦং āĻ¸ংāĻŦাāĻĻāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāĻ•āĻ¸āĻš āĻ¸ুāĻļীāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻœেāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤ি āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŸিāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻšাāĻ°েāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦেāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻšেāĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻĨাāĻ•āĻ¤ে āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ°োāĻ§ āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻœাāĻ¨াāĻ¨ো āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻ•িāĻĒিāĻĄিā§Ÿাā§Ÿ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻāĻ¤্āĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻĨ্āĻ¯ āĻŽāĻ¤ে, āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—āĻŖāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ• āĻĻিāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻœাāĻ¤ি, āĻĒাāĻšাā§œি āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী, āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŽ āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇ, āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ­ৃāĻ¤ি āĻ¨াāĻŽে āĻšিāĻš্āĻ¨িāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻ¤ো। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŸিāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ•ৃāĻ¤ āĻ¸ংāĻœ্āĻžা āĻ“ āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ¨িā§Ÿে āĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻ“ āĻ†āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯াā§Ÿে āĻŦিāĻ¤āĻ°্āĻ• āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻšুāĻ°। āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜েāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯াā§Ÿে āĻĻীāĻ°্āĻ˜āĻĻিāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻ†āĻ˛োāĻšāĻ¨াāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°েāĻ“ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒাāĻ°ে āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖāĻ¯োāĻ—্āĻ¯ āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ¸ংāĻœ্āĻžাā§Ÿ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¨ীāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŦ āĻšā§ŸāĻ¨ি।
āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻিāĻˇ্āĻŸ āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•াā§Ÿ āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŦেāĻļāĻ•াāĻ°ী āĻŦা āĻĻāĻ–āĻ˛āĻĻাāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—āĻŽāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻ¯াāĻ°া āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ো āĻ•āĻ°ে; āĻ¯াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¨িāĻœāĻ¸্āĻŦ āĻ†āĻ˛াāĻĻা āĻ¸ংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি, āĻ°ীāĻ¤িāĻ¨ীāĻ¤ি āĻ“ āĻŽূāĻ˛্āĻ¯āĻŦোāĻ§ āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে, āĻ¯াāĻ°া āĻ¨িāĻœেāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ†āĻ˛াāĻĻা āĻ¸াāĻŽāĻˇ্āĻŸিāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻœ-āĻ¸ংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻšিāĻš্āĻ¨িāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦেāĻļিāĻ° āĻ­াāĻ— āĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻ¯াāĻ°া āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻœে āĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯াāĻ˛āĻ˜ু āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ—āĻŖিāĻ¤, āĻ¤াāĻ°াāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŦোāĻ§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻāĻ•েāĻŦাāĻ°েāĻ‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻšিāĻ¤, āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ•োāĻ¨ āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻ¨ā§Ÿ āĻ¯ে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻŦāĻ˛া āĻ¯াāĻŦে। āĻŦāĻ°ং āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ¨িāĻœেāĻ°াāĻ‡ āĻāĻ• āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ†āĻ˛াāĻĻা āĻœাāĻ¤ি।
āĻĒাঁāĻšāĻŸি āĻŽāĻšাāĻĻেāĻļে ā§Ēā§ĻāĻŸিāĻ° āĻŦেāĻļি āĻĻেāĻļে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸āĻ°āĻ¤ āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§Ÿ ā§Ģ,ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ļ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇেāĻ° āĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯া āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§Ÿ ā§Šā§Ļ āĻĨেāĻ•ে ā§Šā§Ģ āĻ•োāĻŸি। āĻ¨ীāĻ¤ি-āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖী āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ•্āĻ°িā§Ÿা āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĒā§œাā§Ÿ āĻ¯ুāĻ—ে āĻ¯ুāĻ—ে āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨েāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻ¨্āĻ¤িāĻ•াā§ŸিāĻ¤, āĻļোāĻˇিāĻ¤, āĻŦাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻ¤াāĻŽূāĻ˛āĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻāĻ•ীāĻ­ূāĻ¤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻāĻŦং āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯াā§Ÿ āĻ…āĻŦিāĻšাāĻ°েāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ°ুāĻĻ্āĻ§ে āĻ¨িāĻœেāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦāĻĒāĻ•্āĻˇে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛েāĻ›ে, āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াংāĻļ āĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻ¯াāĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ“ āĻšāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻ° āĻļিāĻ•াāĻ° āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜েāĻ° āĻ†āĻ˛োāĻšāĻ¨াā§Ÿ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻŸি āĻŦেāĻļ āĻ—ুāĻ°ুāĻ¤্āĻŦেāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ¨েāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻāĻŦং ā§§ā§¯ā§¯ā§Š āĻ¸াāĻ˛āĻ•ে ‘āĻ†āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻŦāĻ°্āĻˇ’ āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖা āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§Ÿ। ā§§ā§¯ā§¯ā§Ģ āĻĨেāĻ•ে ā§¨ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ē āĻ¸াāĻ˛ āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ ‘āĻ†āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻĻāĻļāĻ•’ āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖা āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§Ÿ, āĻ¯াāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āĻ¯ āĻ›িāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻ্āĻŦেāĻ—েāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤ি āĻĻৃāĻˇ্āĻŸি āĻĻেāĻ“ā§Ÿা। āĻ āĻ›াā§œা ā§§ā§¯ā§¯ā§Ģ āĻ¸াāĻ˛েāĻ° ā§¯ āĻ†āĻ—āĻ¸্āĻŸāĻ•ে ‘āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻĻিāĻŦāĻ¸’ āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖা āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜ ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§¨ āĻ¸াāĻ˛ে āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻŦāĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻĻেā§Ÿ।
āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¤্āĻŽāĻ¨িā§ŸāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻŸি āĻ…āĻ¨েāĻ• āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻ¸্āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤িāĻĻাā§ŸāĻ• āĻ¨ā§Ÿ। āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ“āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¤ āĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—āĻŖেāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸা āĻŦā§œ āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨- āĻ•াāĻ¨াāĻĄা, āĻ…āĻ¸্āĻŸ্āĻ°েāĻ˛িā§Ÿা, āĻ¨িāĻ‰āĻœিāĻ˛্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻĄ, āĻ­াāĻ°āĻ¤, āĻšীāĻ¨, āĻĒাāĻĒুā§Ÿা āĻ¨িāĻ‰āĻ—িāĻ¨ি āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াংāĻļ āĻ˛াāĻ¤িāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻŽেāĻ°িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻĻেāĻļāĻ¸āĻŽূāĻš। āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ে ‘āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļে āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ¨েāĻ‡’।
āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻ•িāĻĒিāĻĄিā§Ÿাā§Ÿ āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻĒ্āĻ¤ āĻ†āĻ°েāĻ• āĻ¤āĻĨ্āĻ¯ āĻŽāĻ¤ে, āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ—ুāĻ˛োāĻ•ে āĻŦুāĻাā§Ÿ āĻ¯াāĻ°া āĻ†āĻ˛াāĻĻা āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ° āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°েāĻ¨ি āĻ•িāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻ¨িāĻœāĻ¸্āĻŦ āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ†āĻ˛াāĻĻা āĻ¸ংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻ—ā§œে āĻ¤ুāĻ˛েāĻ¤ে āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ°্āĻĨ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻŽূāĻ˛āĻ¤ঃ āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ•েāĻ° āĻ­িāĻ¤্āĻ¤িāĻ¤ে āĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻŦা āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻিāĻˇ্āĻŸāĻ•āĻ°āĻŖ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻŦা āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ¤াāĻ¤্āĻ¤্āĻŦিāĻ• āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ¸āĻŽূāĻš āĻšāĻš্āĻ›ে- āĻŽāĻ—, āĻŽুāĻ°ং, āĻŽাāĻ°āĻŽা, āĻšাāĻ•āĻŽা, āĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻĒুāĻ°া, āĻšাāĻœং āĻ‡āĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি। āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļে āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻļীāĻ°্āĻˇāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ে āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻšাāĻ•āĻŽা āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ˛োāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨।
āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ āĻĻāĻ•্āĻˇিāĻŖ āĻāĻļিā§ŸাāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ•িāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻœāĻ¨āĻŦāĻšুāĻ˛ āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°। āĻœāĻ¨āĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯াāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াংāĻļ āĻŦাāĻ™াāĻ˛ি āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨েāĻ•āĻ—ুāĻ˛ো āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ—োāĻ¤্āĻ°āĻ“ āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ িāĻ° āĻ¸িংāĻšāĻ­াāĻ— āĻĒাāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽ āĻāĻŦং āĻŽā§ŸāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ¸িংāĻš, āĻ¸িāĻ˛েāĻŸ āĻ“ āĻ°াāĻœāĻļাāĻšী āĻ…āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻŦিāĻŦিāĻāĻ¸ ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§Ē āĻ¸াāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻ°িāĻĒোāĻ°্āĻŸে ā§¨ā§ĒāĻŸি āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤াāĻ¤্āĻ¤্āĻŦিāĻ• āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻāĻŦং āĻŽোāĻŸ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯া ā§Ž,ā§¯ā§­,ā§Žā§¨ā§Ž āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—ুāĻ˛ো āĻšāĻ˛ো- āĻ¸াঁāĻ“āĻ¤াāĻ˛, āĻ“ঁāĻ°াāĻ“, āĻĒাāĻšাā§œিā§Ÿা, āĻŽুāĻ¨্āĻĄা, āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļী, āĻ•োঁāĻš, āĻ–াāĻ¸িā§Ÿা, āĻŽāĻ¨িāĻĒুāĻ°ী, āĻŸিāĻĒāĻ°া, āĻĒ্āĻ¯াংāĻ–ো, āĻ—াāĻ°ো, āĻšাāĻœং, āĻŽাāĻ°্āĻŽা, āĻšাāĻ•āĻŽা, āĻ¤ংāĻšāĻ™্āĻ—া, āĻšাāĻ•, āĻ¸েāĻ¨্āĻĻুāĻœ, āĻŽ্āĻ°ো, āĻ–িā§Ÿাং, āĻŦোāĻŽ (āĻŦāĻ¨āĻœোāĻ—ী), āĻ–াāĻŽি, āĻ˛ুāĻ¸াāĻ‡ (āĻ–ুāĻŽি)।
āĻĒāĻ•্āĻˇাāĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°ে ā§§ā§¯ā§¯ā§§ āĻ¸াāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻ°িāĻĒোāĻ°্āĻŸে ā§¨ā§¯āĻŸি āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤াāĻ¤্āĻ¤্āĻŦিāĻ• āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻŽোāĻŸ ā§§ā§¨,ā§Ļā§Ģ,ā§¯ā§­ā§Ž āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¸্āĻ¤িāĻ¤্āĻŦ āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤াāĻ¤্āĻ¤্āĻŦিāĻ• āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ—ুāĻ˛ো āĻšāĻ˛ো- āĻŦংāĻļী, āĻŦোāĻŽ, āĻŦুāĻ¨া, āĻšাāĻ•, āĻšাāĻ•āĻŽা, āĻ•োঁāĻš, āĻ—াāĻ°ো, āĻšাāĻœং, āĻšāĻ°িāĻœāĻ¨, āĻ–াāĻ¸িā§Ÿা, āĻ–িā§Ÿাং, āĻ–ুāĻŽি, āĻ˛ুāĻ¸াāĻ‡, āĻŽাāĻšাāĻ¤ো, āĻŽাāĻ°āĻŽা, āĻŽāĻŖিāĻĒুāĻ°ি, āĻŽুāĻ¨্āĻĄা, āĻŽুāĻ°ুং, āĻŽ্āĻ°ো, āĻĒাāĻšাā§œিā§Ÿা, āĻĒ্āĻ¯াংāĻ–ো, āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļী, āĻ°াāĻ–াāĻ‡āĻ¨, āĻ¸াঁāĻ“āĻ¤াāĻ˛, āĻ¤ংāĻšāĻ™্āĻ—া, āĻŸিāĻĒāĻ°া, āĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻĒুāĻ°া, āĻ“ঁāĻ°াāĻ“, āĻ‰āĻ°ুā§Ÿা। āĻ˛āĻ•্āĻˇāĻŖীā§Ÿ āĻŦিāĻˇā§Ÿ, āĻāĻ¤ে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻšুāĻ° āĻ¤āĻĨ্āĻ¯āĻŦিāĻ­্āĻ°াāĻŸ āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻŸিāĻĒāĻ°া āĻ“ āĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻĒুāĻ°া, āĻŽ্āĻ°ো āĻ“ āĻŽুāĻ°ুং, āĻ“ঁāĻ°াāĻ“ āĻ“ āĻ‰āĻ°ুā§Ÿা āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻ¨ৃ āĻ¤াāĻ¤্āĻ¤্āĻŦিāĻ• āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ“ āĻ°িāĻĒোāĻ°্āĻŸে āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ†āĻ˛াāĻĻা āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤াāĻ¤্āĻ¤্āĻŦিāĻ• āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻŦāĻ˛া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ°িāĻĒোāĻ°্āĻŸে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻšāĻ˛িāĻ¤ āĻ‡ংāĻ°েāĻœি āĻŦাāĻ¨াāĻ¨ে āĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ°ীāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖে āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻŸি āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻš্āĻ›ে। āĻŦুāĻ¨া, āĻšāĻ°িāĻœāĻ¨ āĻ¨াāĻŽে āĻ†āĻ˛াāĻĻা āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ¨ৃ āĻ¤াāĻ¤্āĻ¤্āĻŦিāĻ• āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ¨েāĻ‡। āĻ•োঁāĻš āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸েāĻ° āĻŽূāĻ˛ āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•া āĻ‰āĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻ°āĻŦāĻ™্āĻ— āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ“ āĻ āĻŦিāĻ­াāĻ—ে āĻ•োঁāĻšāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ•āĻĨা āĻ‰āĻ˛্āĻ˛েāĻ– āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸāĻ¨ি।
āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻŦāĻļেāĻˇ āĻ†āĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāĻ°ি āĻ“ āĻ—ৃāĻšāĻ—āĻŖāĻ¨া āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ে, āĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° ā§Ŧā§Ē āĻœেāĻ˛াāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে ā§Ēā§­āĻŸিāĻ¤েāĻ‡ āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯া āĻ•āĻŽেāĻ›ে। āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯ ā§§ā§­ āĻœেāĻ˛াā§Ÿ āĻŦেā§œেāĻ›ে āĻāĻ• āĻ˛াāĻ– ā§­ā§Ģ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§¯ā§­ā§¨ āĻœāĻ¨। āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻ¤āĻŦ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻāĻ‡ āĻšিāĻ¸াāĻŦেāĻ° āĻŽিāĻ˛ āĻ¨েāĻ‡। āĻĢāĻ˛ে āĻ†āĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāĻ°িāĻ° āĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖāĻ¯োāĻ—্āĻ¯āĻ¤া āĻ¨িā§Ÿে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻļ্āĻ¨ āĻ‰āĻ েāĻ›ে। āĻ†āĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāĻ°ি āĻ“ āĻ—ৃāĻšāĻ—āĻŖāĻ¨া ā§¨ā§Ļā§§ā§§ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻŦেāĻĻāĻ¨ে āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ ‘āĻāĻĨāĻ¨িāĻ• āĻĒāĻĒুāĻ˛েāĻļāĻ¨’ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯াāĻ¨ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ুāĻ°ো āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›ে, āĻĻেāĻļে āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯া ā§¨ā§­āĻŸি। āĻāĻ—ুāĻ˛ো āĻšāĻš্āĻ›ে: āĻšাāĻ•āĻŽা (āĻšাāĻ° āĻ˛াāĻ– ā§Ēā§Ē āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§­ā§Ēā§Ž), āĻŽাāĻ°āĻŽা (āĻĻুāĻ‡ āĻ˛াāĻ– āĻĻুāĻ‡ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§¯ā§­ā§Ē), āĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻĒুāĻ°া (āĻāĻ• āĻ˛াāĻ– ā§Šā§Š āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§­ā§¯ā§Ž), āĻŽ্āĻ°ো (ā§Šā§¯ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° āĻšাāĻ°āĻœāĻ¨), āĻ¤āĻž্āĻš্āĻ¯āĻ™্āĻ—া (ā§Ēā§Ē āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§¨ā§Ģā§Ē), āĻŦāĻŽ (ā§§ā§¨ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§Ēā§¨ā§Ē), āĻĒাāĻ™্āĻ–ুā§Ÿা (āĻĻুāĻ‡ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§¨ā§­ā§Ē), āĻšাāĻ• (āĻĻুāĻ‡ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§Žā§Šā§Ģ), āĻ–িā§Ÿাং (āĻ¤িāĻ¨ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§Žā§¯ā§¯), āĻ–ুāĻŽি (āĻ¤িāĻ¨ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§Šā§Ŧā§¯), āĻ˛ুāĻ¸াāĻ‡ (ā§¯ā§Ģā§¯), āĻ•োāĻš (ā§§ā§Ŧ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§¯ā§Ļā§Š), āĻ¸াঁāĻ“āĻ¤াāĻ˛ (āĻāĻ• āĻ˛াāĻ– ā§Ēā§­ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§§ā§§ā§¨), āĻĄাāĻ˛ু (ā§Žā§Ļā§Ŧ), āĻ‰āĻ¸াāĻ‡ (ā§Šā§Ēā§­), āĻ°াāĻ–াāĻ‡āĻ¨ (ā§§ā§Š āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§¨ā§Ģā§Ē), āĻŽāĻŖিāĻĒুāĻ°ি (ā§¨ā§Ē,ā§Ŧā§¯ā§Ģ), āĻ—াāĻ°ো (ā§Žā§Ē āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§Ģā§Ŧā§Ģ), āĻšাāĻœং (āĻ¨ā§Ÿ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§§ā§Ŧā§¨), āĻ–াāĻ¸িā§Ÿা (ā§§ā§§ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§Ŧā§¯ā§­), āĻŽং (ā§¨ā§Ŧā§Š), āĻ“ঁāĻ°াāĻ“ (ā§Žā§Ļ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§Šā§Žā§Ŧ), āĻŦāĻ°্āĻŽāĻ¨ (ā§Ģā§Š āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§­ā§¯ā§¨), āĻĒাāĻšাā§œিā§Ÿা(āĻĒাঁāĻš āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§¯ā§Ļā§Ž), āĻŽাāĻ˛āĻĒাāĻšাā§œি (āĻĻুāĻ‡ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§Žā§Ēā§Ļ), āĻŽুāĻ¨্āĻĄা (ā§Šā§Ž āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§¨ā§§ā§¨) āĻ“ āĻ•োāĻ˛ (āĻĻুāĻ‡ āĻšাāĻœাāĻ° ā§Žā§Ēā§Š)।
āĻĸাāĻ•া āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ্āĻ¯াāĻ˛ā§ŸেāĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻŦিāĻœ্āĻžাāĻ¨ āĻŦিāĻ­াāĻ—েāĻ° āĻļিāĻ•্āĻˇāĻ• āĻāĻ‡āĻš āĻ•ে āĻāĻ¸ āĻ†āĻ°েāĻĢিāĻ¨ āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ে, āĻāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽā§Ÿ āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒী āĻ¨ৃ-āĻŦিāĻœ্āĻžাāĻ¨ী āĻ“ āĻ—āĻŦেāĻˇāĻ•েāĻ°া āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি (āĻŸ্āĻ°াāĻ‡āĻŦাāĻ˛, āĻ…্āĻ¯াāĻŦāĻ“āĻ°িāĻœিāĻ¨) āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤েāĻ¨। āĻ•িāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻŦাāĻ¤িāĻ˛ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°। āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•েāĻ‰ āĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ•েāĻ‰ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻāĻŸা āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে āĻ¨া। āĻ¤িāĻ¨ি āĻŦāĻ˛েāĻ¨, ‘āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ে āĻ…āĻ¨েāĻ•āĻŸাāĻ‡ āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°āĻŦāĻž্āĻšিāĻ¤ āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻšā§Ÿ।’
āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ে, āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŸি āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ°াāĻœāĻ¨ৈāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ¤াā§ŽāĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻ›ে। āĻ āĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻŸি āĻŦā§œ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻĻেā§Ÿ। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻŽাāĻ¨ে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻāĻ‡ āĻŽাāĻŸিāĻ°āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ¨্āĻ¤াāĻ¨।
āĻĒāĻ°āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ° āĻ“ āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽāĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻŽāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ā§Ÿ āĻ¸ূāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻœাāĻ¨া āĻ—েāĻ›ে, āĻ…āĻ¤ীāĻ¤েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ো āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°āĻ“ āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ•āĻ°ে, āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļে āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ†āĻ›ে, āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ¨েāĻ‡। āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ•ি āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜েāĻ° āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻĢোāĻ°াāĻŽেāĻ° āĻŦৈāĻ āĻ•ে āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻ¨িā§ŸেāĻ“ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ•্āĻ¤āĻŦ্āĻ¯ āĻĻিā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻ¨িāĻ§ি। āĻ¨িāĻ‰āĻ‡ā§ŸāĻ°্āĻ•ে āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜েāĻ° āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻ¸্āĻĨাā§Ÿী āĻĢোāĻ°াāĻŽেāĻ° (āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻāĻ¨āĻĒিāĻāĻĢāĻ†āĻ‡āĻ†āĻ‡) āĻ¨āĻŦāĻŽ āĻ…āĻ§িāĻŦেāĻļāĻ¨ে āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ āĻŽিāĻļāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻ• āĻ•āĻ°্āĻŽāĻ•āĻ°্āĻ¤া āĻ†āĻ˛োāĻšāĻ¨াā§Ÿ āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻ¨েāĻ¨। āĻ˛িāĻ–িāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻ•্āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻ¤িāĻ¨ি āĻŦāĻ˛েāĻ¨, ‘āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļে āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ¨েāĻ‡। āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻŦেāĻ•্āĻˇāĻ• āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻĢোāĻ°াāĻŽেāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ•্āĻ°āĻŽে āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻ¨িāĻš্āĻ›ে। āĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ে āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ•িংāĻŦা āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻ˛োāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦেāĻļিāĻ° āĻ­াāĻ—েāĻ° āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ¤িāĻ¨ āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻœেāĻ˛াā§Ÿ।’
ā§¨ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž āĻ¸াāĻ˛েāĻ° ā§§ā§¯ āĻ†āĻ—āĻ¸্āĻŸ āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽāĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻŽāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ā§ŸāĻ•ে āĻšিāĻ ি āĻĻেā§Ÿ āĻĒāĻ°āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ā§Ÿ। āĻšিāĻ িāĻ¤ে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻŦিāĻˇā§Ÿে āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻœাāĻ¨āĻ¤ে āĻšাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽāĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻŽāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ā§Ÿ āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° ā§¯ āĻ¸েāĻĒ্āĻŸেāĻŽ্āĻŦāĻ° āĻšিāĻ ি āĻĻিā§Ÿে āĻĒāĻ°āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ā§ŸāĻ•ে āĻœাāĻ¨াā§Ÿ, āĻĻেāĻļে āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ†āĻ›ে। āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী (āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻĄিāĻœেāĻ¨াāĻ¸ āĻĒিāĻĒāĻ˛āĻ¸) āĻ¨েāĻ‡। āĻšিāĻ িāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽেāĻ° āĻ¤িāĻ¨āĻŸি āĻœেāĻ˛াāĻ° āĻŦাāĻ¸িāĻ¨্āĻĻাāĻĻেāĻ° āĻĻুāĻŸি āĻ­াāĻ—ে āĻ­াāĻ— āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§Ÿ- āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯āĻŸি āĻ…-āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি (āĻŦাāĻ™াāĻ˛ি)।
āĻšাāĻ•āĻŽা āĻ°াāĻœা āĻĻেāĻŦাāĻļীāĻˇ āĻ°াā§Ÿ āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ে, āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°েāĻ•্āĻˇাāĻĒāĻŸে āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜েāĻ° āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖা āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻ˛েāĻˇāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ে āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ¯াā§Ÿ, āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻŸি āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ¸ুāĻ¯োāĻ— āĻ¨ā§Ÿ। āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ āĻ…āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻ“āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇ āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ° āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨ে āĻŦā§œ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āĻ°াāĻ–াāĻ° āĻ¸ুāĻ¯োāĻ— āĻĒাā§ŸāĻ¨ি। āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯āĻĻিāĻ•ে āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ āĻĒ্āĻ°েāĻ•্āĻˇাāĻĒāĻŸে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻŦৈāĻˇāĻŽ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•াāĻ° āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻ•াāĻœেāĻ‡ āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸ুāĻ¯োāĻ— āĻĻিāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•্āĻˇেāĻĒ āĻ¨িāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে, āĻ¯াāĻ¤ে āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻšāĻ°্āĻšাāĻ° āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ¸ুāĻ¯োāĻ— āĻĒাā§Ÿ। ‘āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻ¨েāĻ‡’ āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒাāĻ°ে āĻ¸āĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻ˛াāĻ°āĻŽাāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻāĻ•āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ“ āĻĻেāĻŦাāĻļীāĻˇ āĻ°াā§Ÿ āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ¨, āĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ¨ে āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇেāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
āĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻ¸ংāĻ¸āĻĻে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¸্āĻ¤াāĻŦিāĻ¤ āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ¸াংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻˇ্āĻ াāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ‰āĻ˛্āĻ˛েāĻ– āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ¤িāĻ¨ি āĻŦāĻ˛েāĻ¨, ‘āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŽোāĻ§āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŽে āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŽোāĻ§āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ•্āĻˇে āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻ¨িā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻ•িāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ° āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŽোāĻ§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛েāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°া āĻ–ুāĻļি āĻšāĻ¤াāĻŽ।’
āĻ†āĻ‡āĻāĻ˛āĻ“ āĻ•āĻ¨āĻ­েāĻ¨āĻļāĻ¨-ā§§ā§Ļā§­ āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻš্āĻ›েāĻĻ ā§§ āĻāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒ-āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻš্āĻ›েāĻĻ ā§§(āĻ–) āĻŦāĻ°্āĻŖিāĻ¤ `āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী` āĻ¸ংāĻœ্āĻžাāĻŸি āĻ āĻ°āĻ•āĻŽ- ‘āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ§ীāĻ¨ āĻĻেāĻļāĻ¸āĻŽূāĻšেāĻ° āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻāĻŦং āĻŸ্āĻ°াāĻ‡āĻŦাāĻ˛ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¸্āĻ¯āĻĻেāĻ° āĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻ°াāĻœ্āĻ¯ āĻŦিāĻœā§Ÿ āĻ•িংāĻŦা āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¨িāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻĒāĻ¨āĻ•াāĻ˛ে āĻāĻ‡ āĻĻেāĻļে āĻ•িংāĻŦা āĻ¯ে āĻ­ৌāĻ—োāĻ˛িāĻ• āĻ­ূāĻ–-ে āĻĻেāĻļāĻŸি āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨিāĻ¤ āĻ¸েāĻ–াāĻ¨ে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸āĻ•াāĻ°ী āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ‰āĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻ°াāĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°ী āĻšāĻ“ā§ŸাāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻĒ্āĻ°েāĻ•্āĻˇিāĻ¤ে `āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী` āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ—āĻŖিāĻ¤ āĻāĻŦং āĻ¯াāĻ°া āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻ¸ংāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻ°্āĻ¯াāĻĻা āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇে āĻ¨িāĻœেāĻĻেāĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻ†āĻšাāĻ° āĻ“ āĻ•ৃāĻˇ্āĻŸিāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ে āĻ“āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ŸāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻŽাāĻœিāĻ•, āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨāĻ¨ৈāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ¸াংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ†āĻšাāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ¸াāĻŽāĻž্āĻœāĻ¸্āĻ¯āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ āĻœীāĻŦāĻ¨āĻ¯াāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে।’
āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯āĻĻিāĻ•ে āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ•ে āĻ†āĻ‡āĻāĻ˛āĻ“ āĻ•āĻ¨āĻ­েāĻ¨āĻļāĻ¨-ā§§ā§Ļā§­ āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻš্āĻ›েāĻĻ ā§§ āĻāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒ-āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻš্āĻ›েāĻĻ ā§§(āĻ•) āĻ…ংāĻļে āĻŦāĻ˛া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে- ‘āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ§ীāĻ¨ āĻĻেāĻļāĻ¸āĻŽূāĻšেāĻ° āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻāĻŦং āĻŸ্āĻ°াāĻ‡āĻŦাāĻ˛ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¸্āĻ¯āĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦেāĻ˛াā§Ÿ āĻ¯াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻŽাāĻœিāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨāĻ¨ৈāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা āĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŽāĻˇ্āĻŸিāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ…ংāĻļেāĻ° āĻšেā§Ÿে āĻ•āĻŽ āĻ…āĻ—্āĻ°āĻ¸āĻ° āĻāĻŦং āĻ¯াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ°্āĻ¯াāĻĻা āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ āĻ•িংāĻŦা āĻ†ংāĻļিāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¨িāĻœāĻ¸্āĻŦ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĨা āĻ•িংāĻŦা āĻ°ীāĻ¤ি-āĻ¨ীāĻ¤ি āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ¨ āĻŦা āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻ¨িā§ŸāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨাā§Ž āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻšāĻ˛ো `āĻ¸āĻ¨ āĻ…āĻŦ āĻĻি āĻ¸ā§ŸেāĻ˛`। āĻ†āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻšāĻ˛ো āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āĻ¤ āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤ি।
`āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜ āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ° ā§¨ā§Ļā§Ļā§­` āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° ā§Ēā§ŦāĻŸি āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ•āĻĨা āĻ˛িāĻĒিāĻŦāĻĻ্āĻ§ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻāĻ‡ āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ¸ংāĻœ্āĻžা āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻ§াāĻ°িāĻ¤ āĻšā§ŸāĻ¨ি āĻŦা āĻ¸ুāĻ¸্āĻĒāĻˇ্āĻŸāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ¸ংāĻœ্āĻžাā§ŸিāĻ¤ āĻšā§ŸāĻ¨ি। āĻ¤া āĻ›াā§œা āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻ“āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¸্āĻ¯ āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ°্āĻĨāĻ¨ āĻ¨েāĻ‡। āĻ āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖে āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻ“āĻĒāĻ° āĻ­োāĻŸ āĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖেāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ­োāĻŸāĻĻাāĻ¨ে āĻŦিāĻ°āĻ¤ āĻ›িāĻ˛। āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻ¯েāĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ…āĻ¨āĻ—্āĻ°āĻ¸āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤ি āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ°্āĻĨāĻ¨ āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ°। āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে, āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻŽাāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻšুāĻ•্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤ি āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻāĻŦং āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤িāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ°্āĻĨāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ›ে।
āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŸি āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ে āĻ¸ংāĻ¯োāĻœিāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻ¯া āĻšāĻŦে : āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻš্āĻ›ে, āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŸি āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ে āĻ¸ংāĻ¯োāĻœিāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ে ā§¨ā§Ļā§Ļā§­ āĻ¸াāĻ˛েāĻ° `āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜ āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°` āĻŽেāĻ¨ে āĻ¨িāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে; āĻ¯া āĻšāĻŦে āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻ¤্āĻŽāĻ˜াāĻ¤ী। āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖ, āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻš্āĻ›েāĻĻ-ā§Ē-āĻ āĻ†āĻ›ে- `āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¤্āĻŽāĻ¨িā§ŸāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻšāĻ°্āĻšাāĻ° āĻŦেāĻ˛াā§Ÿ, āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ­্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°ীāĻŖ āĻ“ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ীā§Ÿ āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸেāĻ° āĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻ¸্āĻŦাā§ŸāĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻļাāĻ¸āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦং āĻ¸্āĻŦāĻļাāĻ¸িāĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻ“ āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦāĻļাāĻ¸āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ°্āĻ¯াāĻŦāĻ˛িāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨাā§ŸāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻĨা āĻāĻŦং āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻ¸েāĻ° āĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে।` āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨাā§Ž āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ•্āĻˇāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ে āĻ“ āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻ¸্āĻŦাā§ŸāĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻļাāĻ¸āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻˇ্āĻ িāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻŽāĻ¤ি āĻ›াā§œা āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ° āĻ–াāĻ—ā§œাāĻ›ā§œিāĻ° āĻ—্āĻ¯াāĻ¸ āĻ‰āĻ¤্āĻ¤োāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻœেāĻ˛াā§Ÿ āĻ†āĻ¨āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻ¤ āĻ¨া। āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸েāĻ–াāĻ¨āĻ•াāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦāĻļাāĻ¸িāĻ¤ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻļাāĻ¸āĻ• āĻ¨িāĻœেāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨাā§ŸāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻ¸ āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¸েāĻ‡ āĻ–āĻ¨িāĻœ, āĻŦāĻ¨āĻœ āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āĻ¨িāĻœেāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻšিāĻ¨্āĻ¤া āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤।
āĻ†āĻŦাāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻš্āĻ›েāĻĻ-ā§Šā§Ŧ-āĻ āĻ†āĻ›ে, `āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ°, āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻ¤ āĻ¯াāĻ°া āĻ†āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ¸ীāĻŽাāĻ¨া āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻŦিāĻ­āĻ•্āĻ¤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে, āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻ¨্āĻ¤েāĻ° āĻ¨িāĻœāĻ¸্āĻŦ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ†āĻ§্āĻ¯াāĻ¤্āĻŽিāĻ•, āĻ¸াংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ•, āĻ°াāĻœāĻ¨ৈāĻ¤িāĻ•, āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨāĻ¨ৈāĻ¤িāĻ•, āĻ¸াāĻŽাāĻœিāĻ• āĻ•াāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ•্āĻ°āĻŽāĻ¸āĻš āĻ¯োāĻ—াāĻ¯োāĻ— āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ• āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻšāĻ¯োāĻ—িāĻ¤া āĻŦāĻœাā§Ÿ āĻ°াāĻ–াāĻ° āĻ“ āĻ‰āĻ¨্āĻ¨ā§ŸāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে।` āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻ¸āĻšāĻ¯োāĻ—িāĻ¤া āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¨ āĻ“ āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻ¤āĻŦাā§ŸāĻ¨ āĻ¨িāĻļ্āĻšিāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦে। āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°āĻ‡ āĻŽেāĻ¨ে āĻ¨িāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦে āĻ¨া। āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ী āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ°াāĻœāĻ¨ৈāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ•াāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ•্āĻ°āĻŽ āĻ…āĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻুঁāĻ•িāĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻšিāĻ¤ āĻšāĻŦে। āĻ¤া āĻ›াā§œা āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļে āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻ¸ীāĻŽাāĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ী āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•াā§Ÿ āĻœāĻ™্āĻ—ি āĻ¤ā§ŽāĻĒāĻ°āĻ¤া āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āĻ§ি āĻĒাāĻŦে; āĻ¯া āĻ•্āĻ°āĻŽেāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻŽাāĻĨাāĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻĨাāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻ‰āĻ¨্āĻ¨ā§ŸāĻ¨ āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻšāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦে।
āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜েāĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇ āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻš্āĻ›েāĻĻ-ā§Ēā§Ŧ-āĻ āĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ“ āĻŽৌāĻ˛িāĻ• āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ§ীāĻ¨āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤ি āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻĻেāĻ–াāĻ¨োāĻ° āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ‡ āĻ•াāĻœāĻŸি āĻŽāĻšাāĻœোāĻŸ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ˛ে āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ¸ংāĻļোāĻ§āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŽে āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ে āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻ¤িāĻšুāĻ•্āĻ¤ি āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে āĻ¨্āĻ¯াā§ŸāĻŦিāĻšাāĻ°, āĻ—āĻŖāĻ¤āĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°, āĻŽাāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤ি āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻāĻ°্āĻļāĻ¨, āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¤া, āĻŦৈāĻˇāĻŽ্āĻ¯āĻšীāĻ¨āĻ¤া, āĻ¸ুāĻļাāĻ¸āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦং āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāĻ¸েāĻ° āĻŽূāĻ˛āĻ¨ীāĻ¤ি āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¸āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜েāĻ° āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻ•াāĻ§িāĻ• āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻš্āĻ›েāĻĻ āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে, āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻšāĻ°্āĻšাāĻ° āĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻŦৈāĻˇāĻŽ্āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻ¯াāĻŦে āĻ¨া। āĻāĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻļিāĻ•্āĻˇা, āĻšাāĻ•āĻ°ি āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻŦিāĻˇā§Ÿে āĻŦাāĻ™াāĻ˛িāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ো āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ°āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻ¸ুāĻ¯োāĻ— āĻĻিāĻ¤ে āĻŦাāĻ§্āĻ¯ āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°। āĻāĻ° āĻ†āĻ°েāĻ• āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻ–্āĻ¯া āĻĻেāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে, āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤িāĻĻেāĻ° `āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী` āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻšিāĻš্āĻ¨িāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ে āĻ•োāĻŸা āĻ¸ুāĻŦিāĻ§া āĻŦাāĻ¤িāĻ˛ āĻ…āĻ¨িāĻŦাāĻ°্āĻ¯ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻĒā§œāĻŦে। āĻĢāĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻ¯োāĻ—িāĻ¤াā§Ÿ āĻŸিāĻ•ে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻ¸েāĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻŦাāĻ™াāĻ˛ি-āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ•েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻŦিāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖা āĻœāĻ¨্āĻŽ āĻ¨িāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে। āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ°াāĻ–া āĻĻāĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°, āĻāĻ‡ āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ•্āĻˇে āĻ­োāĻŸ āĻĻিā§ŸেāĻ›িāĻ˛ āĻ…āĻ¸্āĻŸ্āĻ°েāĻ˛িā§Ÿা, āĻ•াāĻ¨াāĻĄা, āĻ¨িāĻ‰āĻœিāĻ˛্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻĄ āĻ“ āĻŽাāĻ°্āĻ•িāĻ¨ āĻ¯ুāĻ•্āĻ¤āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°। āĻ āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻĻেāĻļে āĻŦিāĻĒুāĻ˛āĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯āĻ• āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ¤াāĻ¤্āĻ¤্āĻŦিāĻ• āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¤ি āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ­োāĻŸāĻĻাāĻ¨ে āĻŦিāĻ°āĻ¤ āĻ›িāĻ˛ āĻ°াāĻļিā§Ÿা, āĻ­ুāĻŸাāĻ¨, āĻ¨াāĻ‡āĻœেāĻ°িā§Ÿা, āĻ•েāĻ¨িā§Ÿা, āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻ•্āĻ°েāĻ¨, āĻ•āĻ˛āĻŽ্āĻŦিā§ŸাāĻ¸āĻš āĻ…āĻ¨েāĻ• āĻĻেāĻļ। āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻĒāĻ¸্āĻĨিāĻ¤ āĻ›িāĻ˛ āĻ†āĻ°ো āĻ…āĻ¨েāĻ• āĻ‰āĻ¨্āĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻĻেāĻļ।
āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—āĻ¤, āĻ­াāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸āĻ•াāĻ°ী āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাā§ŸāĻ­ুāĻ•্āĻ¤ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤িāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸েāĻ–াāĻ¨āĻ•াāĻ° āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ে āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŦোāĻ§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸāĻ¨ি। āĻ¸ংāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ে āĻ†āĻ¸াāĻŽ, āĻŽেāĻ˜াāĻ˛ā§Ÿ, āĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻĒুāĻ°া āĻāĻŦং āĻŽিāĻœোāĻ°াāĻŽāĻ•ে āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ…āĻ§্āĻ¯ুāĻˇিāĻ¤ āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ° āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ‰āĻ˛্āĻ˛েāĻ– āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨āĻ• āĻŦāĻ™্āĻ—āĻŦāĻ¨্āĻ§ু āĻļেāĻ– āĻŽুāĻœিāĻŦুāĻ° āĻ°āĻšāĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ¤āĻĨা āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—ুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻ‰āĻ¨্āĻ¨ā§ŸāĻ¨ে āĻ…āĻ™্āĻ—ীāĻ•াāĻ°াāĻŦāĻĻ্āĻ§ āĻšā§Ÿে ā§§ā§¯ā§­ā§¨ āĻ¸াāĻ˛েāĻ° ā§¨ā§¨ āĻœুāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻļ্āĻ°āĻŽ āĻ¸ংāĻ¸্āĻĨা (āĻ†āĻ‡āĻāĻ˛āĻ“) āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖীāĻ¤ `āĻ‡āĻ¨্āĻĄিāĻœেāĻ¨াāĻ¸ āĻ…্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻĄ āĻŸ্āĻ°াāĻ‡āĻŦাāĻ˛ āĻĒāĻĒুāĻ˛েāĻļāĻ¨āĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ¨āĻ­েāĻ¨āĻļāĻ¨, ā§§ā§¯ā§Ģā§­` (āĻ•āĻ¨āĻ­েāĻ¨āĻļāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŽ্āĻŦāĻ° ā§§ā§Ļā§­)-āĻ āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ•্āĻˇāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ¨। āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ¤াāĻ¤্āĻ¤্āĻŦিāĻ• āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻāĻŦং āĻŸ্āĻ°াāĻ‡āĻŦাāĻ˛ āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¤্āĻŽāĻĒāĻ°িāĻšā§ŸāĻ¸āĻš āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻŽাāĻœিāĻ•, āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨāĻ¨ৈāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ¸াংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ°āĻ•্āĻˇাāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸ংāĻ˜েāĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻ¸ংāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻŸি āĻ†āĻŦাāĻ° āĻ¸ংāĻļোāĻ§িāĻ¤ `āĻ‡āĻ¨্āĻĄিāĻœেāĻ¨াāĻ¸ āĻ…্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻĄ āĻŸ্āĻ°াāĻ‡āĻŦাāĻ˛ āĻĒāĻĒুāĻ˛েāĻļāĻ¨āĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ¨āĻ­েāĻ¨āĻļāĻ¨ ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§¯` (āĻ•āĻ¨āĻ­েāĻ¨āĻļāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŽ্āĻŦāĻ° ā§§ā§Ŧā§¯) āĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻ āĻĻুāĻŸি āĻ—ুāĻ°ুāĻ¤্āĻŦāĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ āĻ†āĻ‡āĻ¨ি āĻĻāĻ˛িāĻ˛ āĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯াā§Ÿে āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤িāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°āĻ•ে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻˇ্āĻ া āĻ“ āĻ•াāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°াāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§ŸোāĻœāĻ¨ীā§Ÿ। āĻāĻ–াāĻ¨ে āĻŸ্āĻ°াāĻ‡āĻŦাāĻ˛ āĻŦা āĻ¸েāĻŽি-āĻŸ্āĻ°াāĻ‡āĻŦাāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻ“āĻ‡ āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ“ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ•্āĻ¤িāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦোāĻাāĻ¨ো āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে, āĻ¯াāĻ°া āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŸ্āĻ°াāĻ‡āĻŦাāĻ˛ āĻŦৈāĻļিāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ¯ āĻšাāĻ°াāĻ¨োāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ•্āĻ°িā§Ÿাā§Ÿ āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ো āĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŽāĻˇ্āĻŸিāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻāĻ•ীāĻ­ূāĻ¤ āĻšā§ŸāĻ¨ি। āĻŦāĻ™্āĻ—āĻŦāĻ¨্āĻ§ুāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¸ৃāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻĨে āĻ…āĻ—্āĻ°āĻ¸āĻ° āĻšā§Ÿে āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ° āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻ¤িāĻšুāĻ•্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŽে āĻĒাāĻšাā§œি āĻ…āĻ§িāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ†āĻ°্āĻĨāĻ¸াāĻŽাāĻœিāĻ• āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ° āĻ‰āĻ¨্āĻ¨ā§ŸāĻ¨ে āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•্āĻˇেāĻĒ āĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ›ে।
āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ¨ā§Ÿ, āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ•িংāĻŦা āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻĒাāĻšাā§œিāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦāĻž্āĻšāĻ¨া āĻ“ āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻŦেāĻĻāĻ–āĻ˛ āĻ¤ā§ŽāĻĒāĻ°āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻĻৌāĻ°াāĻ¤্āĻŽ্āĻ¯ āĻ°োāĻ§ে āĻ•াāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻ্āĻ¯োāĻ— āĻĻিāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻ° āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°-āĻ¸ংāĻ•্āĻ°াāĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ—ুāĻ˛ো āĻ—ুāĻ°ুāĻ¤্āĻŦāĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ। āĻ¤āĻŦে `āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী` āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¨ā§Ÿ, āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻŦা āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻ¤ুāĻ˛ে āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ° āĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦে āĻ¨া। āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒাāĻ°ে āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸ুāĻ¸্āĻĒāĻˇ্āĻŸ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§Ÿ āĻāĻ•-āĻĻāĻļāĻŽাংāĻļ āĻœুā§œে āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽ। āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ¸ৌāĻ¨্āĻĻāĻ°্āĻ¯, āĻ­ূāĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āĻ āĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°ীā§Ÿ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ। āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—āĻŖ āĻĻেāĻļāĻ•ে āĻ†āĻ°ো āĻ…āĻ—্āĻ°āĻ¸āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে। āĻ•িāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻ¸েāĻ–াāĻ¨ে āĻ•্āĻ°āĻŽাāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—āĻ¤ āĻĻ্āĻŦāĻ¨্āĻĻ্āĻŦ, āĻ¸ংāĻ˜াāĻ¤, āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¤ঃāĻ•āĻ˛āĻš āĻ“ āĻŦিāĻ°োāĻ§, āĻ¨েāĻ¤ৃāĻ¤্āĻŦেāĻ° āĻŸাāĻ¨াāĻĒā§œেāĻ¨ āĻ“ āĻ°েāĻˇাāĻ°েāĻˇি āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¨িāĻ°ীāĻš āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻ° āĻ…āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻ…āĻ¨āĻ—্āĻ°āĻ¸āĻ°, āĻĒিāĻ›িā§ŸেāĻĒā§œা āĻ“ āĻĻāĻ°িāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇ āĻ…āĻ¨িāĻ°াāĻĒāĻĻ, āĻ‰āĻĻ্āĻŦিāĻ—্āĻ¨ āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ•āĻŸ āĻ¨িāĻ°āĻ¸āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ•্āĻˇ্āĻ¯ে ā§¨ āĻĄিāĻ¸েāĻŽ্āĻŦāĻ°, ā§§ā§¯ā§¯ā§­ āĻ¸াāĻ˛ে āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ¸ংāĻšāĻ¤ি āĻ¸āĻŽিāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻšুāĻ•্āĻ¤ি āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻিāĻ¤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāĻ˛। āĻ¤ā§ŽāĻ•াāĻ˛ীāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ“ā§ŸাāĻŽী āĻ˛ীāĻ— āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨āĻŽāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°ী āĻļেāĻ– āĻšাāĻ¸িāĻ¨াāĻ° āĻ¨েāĻ¤ৃāĻ¤্āĻŦে āĻĒāĻ°িāĻšাāĻ˛িāĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ°াāĻœāĻ¨ৈāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻĻূāĻ°āĻĻāĻ°্āĻļিāĻ¤া āĻ“ āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻ¤িāĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ āĻŽāĻ¨োāĻ­াāĻŦেāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻĢāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ¤াāĻ¤ে āĻ˜āĻŸেāĻ›ে। āĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻ“ āĻ†āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻ¤িāĻšুāĻ•্āĻ¤ি āĻŦেāĻļ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻļংāĻ¸িāĻ¤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽেāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি, āĻ…-āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ“ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ীā§Ÿ āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻ…āĻ—্āĻ°āĻ—āĻ¤ি, āĻŦিāĻ•াāĻļ, āĻ¨িāĻ°াāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ¤া, āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻ¤ি āĻ“ āĻŽāĻ°্āĻ¯াāĻĻা āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻˇ্āĻ াā§Ÿ āĻ¯াāĻŦāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻ‰āĻĻ্āĻ¯োāĻ— āĻ—ৃāĻšীāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻŦিāĻ­্āĻ°াāĻ¨্āĻ¤ি āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨িāĻ°াāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¤āĻ™্āĻ• āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻŦেāĻ°িā§Ÿে āĻ†āĻ¸ে āĻ¯ুāĻŦāĻļāĻ•্āĻ¤ি, āĻŦিāĻš্āĻ¯ুāĻ¤ āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇ। āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻ¤িāĻšুāĻ•্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ†āĻ“āĻ¤াā§Ÿ āĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻœীāĻŦāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ…āĻ—্āĻ°āĻ—āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ°্āĻĨে āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ীā§ŸāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ—্āĻ°াāĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻŽোāĻĻিāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻĒাāĻ°āĻ¸্āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ• āĻ†āĻ˛াāĻĒ-āĻ†āĻ˛োāĻšāĻ¨া āĻ“ āĻ‡āĻ¤িāĻŦাāĻšāĻ• āĻ‰āĻĻ্āĻ¯োāĻ—ে āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖেāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŽে āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ°্āĻĨ āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻ¸াāĻšিāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻœেāĻ˛া āĻĒāĻ°িāĻˇāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¨িā§ŸāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖ āĻ“ āĻ†āĻ“āĻ¤াā§Ÿ āĻœāĻŽি, āĻĒাāĻšাā§œ āĻ“ āĻŦāĻ¨াāĻž্āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ-āĻšāĻ¸্āĻ¤াāĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸ুāĻ¯োāĻ— āĻ¸ৃāĻˇ্āĻŸি āĻšā§Ÿ।
āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽāĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻŽāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ā§Ÿ āĻ—āĻ িāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ ā§§ā§¯ā§¯ā§Ž āĻ¸াāĻ˛ে। āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻŸি āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻœেāĻ˛াāĻ° āĻĒাঁāĻš āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¸্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ীāĻ•াāĻ˛ীāĻ¨ āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻœেāĻ˛া āĻĒāĻ°িāĻˇāĻĻ` āĻ—āĻ িāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ¸ংāĻšāĻ¤ি āĻ¨েāĻ¤া āĻ¸āĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻ˛াāĻ°āĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻšেā§ŸাāĻ°āĻŽ্āĻ¯াāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে ā§¨ā§Ģ āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¸্āĻ¯āĻ­িāĻ¤্āĻ¤িāĻ• āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ীāĻ•াāĻ˛ীāĻ¨ āĻ†āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛িāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°িāĻˇāĻĻ āĻ—āĻ িāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻŽāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ā§ŸেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻŦিāĻˇā§Ÿ āĻ¤িāĻ¨āĻŸি āĻĒাāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻœেāĻ˛া āĻĒāĻ°িāĻˇāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻšāĻ¸্āĻ¤াāĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ° āĻ“ āĻ¨িā§ŸāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ§ীāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻĢিāĻ°ে āĻ†āĻ¸া āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤িāĻĻেāĻ° āĻĒুāĻ¨āĻ°্āĻŦাāĻ¸āĻ¨, āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨাā§ŸāĻ¨ āĻ“ āĻĒুāĻ˛িāĻļāĻŦাāĻšিāĻ¨ীāĻ¤ে āĻ¨িā§ŸোāĻ— āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ীā§ŸāĻĻেāĻ° āĻļিāĻ•্āĻˇাāĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻˇ্āĻ াāĻ¨ে āĻ­āĻ°্āĻ¤ি āĻ“ āĻšাāĻ•āĻ°িāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ•োāĻŸাāĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা āĻšাāĻ˛ু āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšā§Ÿ। āĻœাāĻ¤ীā§Ÿ āĻ¸ংāĻ¸āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°্āĻ¤ৃāĻ• āĻ—ৃāĻšীāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ `āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ¸াংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻˇ্āĻ াāĻ¨ āĻŦিāĻ˛, ā§¨ā§Ļā§§ā§Ļ`। āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ে āĻ‰āĻ¨্āĻ¨ā§ŸāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°্āĻŽāĻ•া-েāĻ° ā§¯ā§§ āĻ­াāĻ— āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ীā§ŸāĻĻেāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻāĻŦং āĻ…-āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ীā§ŸāĻĻেāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ ā§¯ā§Ļ āĻ­াāĻ— āĻŦāĻ°াāĻĻ্āĻĻ āĻ†āĻ›ে।
āĻĒাāĻšাā§œিāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦāĻž্āĻšāĻ¨া āĻ“ āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻŦেāĻĻāĻ–āĻ˛ āĻ¤ā§ŽāĻĒāĻ°āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻĻৌāĻ°াāĻ¤্āĻŽ্āĻ¯ āĻ°োāĻ§ে āĻ•াāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ•āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻ্āĻ¯োāĻ— āĻĻিāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻ° āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°-āĻ¸ংāĻ•্āĻ°াāĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ—ুāĻ˛ো āĻ—ুāĻ°ুāĻ¤্āĻŦāĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ। āĻ¤āĻŦে `āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী` āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¨ā§Ÿ, āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻŦা āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻ¤ুāĻ˛ে āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ° āĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦে āĻ¨া। āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒাāĻ°ে āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸ুāĻ¸্āĻĒāĻˇ্āĻŸ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ° ā§¨ā§Ļā§Ļā§­ āĻ¸াāĻ˛ে āĻ—ৃāĻšীāĻ¤ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻ• āĻ˜োāĻˇāĻŖাāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ•্āĻˇāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ¨ি। āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ•ি āĻ­াāĻ°āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ°āĻ“ `āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী`āĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻĻেā§ŸāĻ¨ি। `āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী` āĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖাāĻŸি āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ­ৌāĻŽāĻ¤্āĻŦ āĻ“ āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ§ীāĻ¨āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻĒāĻ¨্āĻĨী āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒাāĻ°ে āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻ‰āĻĻ্āĻ¯োāĻ—েāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻšāĻŦে āĻ¨া। āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻ‰āĻ¨্āĻ¨ā§ŸāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ—ৃāĻšীāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°্āĻŽāĻ•াāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻŦিāĻˇā§Ÿে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤াāĻŽāĻ¤ āĻ“ āĻ…ংāĻļāĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻ—ুāĻ°ুāĻ¤্āĻŦāĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ। āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¨ā§Ÿ, āĻŦāĻ°ং āĻ•্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ¨ৃ-āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ¨াāĻ—āĻ°িāĻ• āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¯ে āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ°ā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻ¤া āĻ¯াāĻ¤ে āĻ†āĻ°ো āĻĒāĻ°িāĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ āĻŽাāĻ¤্āĻ°াā§Ÿ āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻ¤āĻŦাā§ŸāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻ¯াā§Ÿ āĻ¸েāĻĻিāĻ•ে āĻ¨āĻœāĻ° āĻĻিāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ‡āĻ•ে āĻŽিāĻ˛েāĻŽিāĻļে, āĻāĻ•্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻĻ্āĻ§ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻĒāĻ•্āĻˇে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻāĻŸা āĻĒāĻ°ীāĻ•্āĻˇিāĻ¤ āĻ¯ে, āĻ°াāĻˇ্āĻŸ্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ°ুāĻĻ্āĻ§ে āĻĻাঁā§œিā§Ÿে āĻ¸ংāĻ˜াāĻ¤āĻ•ে āĻ†āĻš্āĻŦাāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ে āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻĒāĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ°āĻ‡ āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻ¤ি āĻ†āĻ¸āĻŦে āĻ¨া।

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āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ°āĻ¤ āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļী āĻ•িāĻļোāĻ°ী
āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ°āĻ¤ āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļী āĻ•িāĻļোāĻ°ী

āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļী āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸āĻ°āĻ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ী āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ°āĻ•ে āĻ•্āĻˇāĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻ¯় āĻ¨াāĻŽāĻ• āĻāĻ• āĻ•োāĻš āĻļাāĻ–াāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—েāĻ“ āĻ…āĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻ…āĻ¨েāĻ•ে āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ¨। āĻĻূāĻ°াāĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻ•াāĻ˛ে āĻšিāĻŽাāĻ˛āĻ¯় āĻ…āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛ āĻŦা āĻŦ্āĻ°āĻš্āĻŽāĻĒুāĻ¤্āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ•া āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻ†āĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļীāĻ°া āĻ–āĻ°্āĻŦāĻ•াāĻ¯়, āĻš্āĻ¯াāĻĒ্āĻŸা āĻ¨াāĻ•, āĻ‰ঁāĻšু āĻšোāĻ¯়াāĻ˛āĻŦিāĻļিāĻˇ্āĻŸ āĻāĻ• āĻŽিāĻļ্āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇ। āĻāĻ°া āĻŦৈāĻˇ্āĻŖāĻŦ āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽাāĻŦāĻ˛āĻŽ্āĻŦী। āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ে āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ•েāĻ‰ āĻ•েāĻ‰ āĻŽুāĻ¸āĻ˛āĻŽাāĻ¨, āĻ•েāĻ‰āĻŦা āĻ–্āĻ°িāĻ¸্āĻŸাāĻ¨। āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļে āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻ°ংāĻĒুāĻ°, āĻĻিāĻ¨াāĻœāĻĒুāĻ° āĻ“ āĻ°াāĻœāĻļাāĻšী āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āĻ¤ি āĻ…āĻ˛্āĻĒāĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯াāĻ¯় āĻŦāĻ—ুāĻĄ়া āĻ“ āĻŽāĻ¯়āĻŽāĻ¨āĻ¸িংāĻš āĻœেāĻ˛াāĻ¯়। ā§§ā§¯ā§Ēā§§ āĻ“ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ী āĻ†āĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāĻ°িāĻ¤ে āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻšিāĻ¨্āĻĻু āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ—āĻŖ্āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻ¯়েāĻ›ে। ā§§ā§¯ā§¯ā§§ āĻ¸াāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻ†āĻĻāĻŽāĻļুāĻŽাāĻ°ি āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¯াāĻ¯়ী āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽোāĻŸ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯া āĻĒাঁāĻš āĻšাāĻœাāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸু āĻŦেāĻļি।
āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļীāĻ°া āĻŽূāĻ˛āĻ¤ āĻ•ৃāĻˇিāĻœীāĻŦী, āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻŽাāĻ›āĻ§āĻ°া āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāĻ› āĻŦিāĻ•্āĻ°āĻ¯় āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻĒেāĻļা। āĻŽেāĻ¯়েāĻ°া āĻ•ুāĻŸিāĻ° āĻļিāĻ˛্āĻĒেāĻ° āĻ•াāĻœে āĻĻāĻ•্āĻˇ। āĻĒিāĻ¤াāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦাāĻ°েāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨। āĻĒিāĻ¤াāĻ° āĻŽৃāĻ¤্āĻ¯ুāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒুāĻ¤্āĻ°āĻ¸āĻ¨্āĻ¤াāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ‰āĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻ°াāĻ§িāĻ•াāĻ°ী āĻšāĻ¯়ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ°āĻ•ে āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽীāĻ¯় āĻ†āĻšাāĻ°ে āĻļৈāĻŦ āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ“ āĻļাāĻ•্āĻ¤, āĻŦৈāĻˇ্āĻŖāĻŦ, āĻŦৌāĻĻ্āĻ§, āĻ¤াāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻ• āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ­ৃāĻ¤ি āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāĻ¸েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¨্āĻŦāĻ¯়ে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽীāĻ¯় āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ°āĻ¯়েāĻ›ে। āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻŽāĻšাāĻ•াāĻ˛ āĻļিāĻŦ, āĻŦিāĻˇāĻšāĻ°ী (āĻŽāĻ¨āĻ¸া)āĻ° āĻ†āĻ°াāĻ§āĻ¨া āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻĻুāĻ°্āĻ—া, āĻ•াāĻ˛ী (āĻļ্āĻ¯াāĻŽা), āĻ˛āĻ•্āĻˇ্āĻŽী, āĻœāĻ—āĻ¨্āĻ¨াāĻĨ, āĻ¨াāĻ°াāĻ¯়āĻŖ, āĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻŖু āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ­ৃāĻ¤ি āĻĻেāĻŦāĻĻেāĻŦীāĻ°āĻ“ āĻĒূāĻœা āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻĻেāĻŦāĻĻেāĻŦীāĻ° āĻĒূāĻœাāĻ° āĻĒাāĻļাāĻĒাāĻļি āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻšীāĻ¨ āĻ•ৃāĻˇিāĻ¸ংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤ীāĻ• ‘āĻŦাāĻ°িāĻ§াāĻ°া’ āĻŦ্āĻ°āĻ¤ āĻ•িংāĻŦা āĻ‰āĻ°্āĻŦāĻ°āĻ¤া āĻ“ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻœāĻ¨āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ¸ংāĻļ্āĻ˛িāĻˇ্āĻŸ āĻŦ্āĻ°āĻ¤ āĻŦা āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻˇ্āĻ াāĻ¨াāĻĻি āĻĒাāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻāĻ°া āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻ‰āĻĒাāĻ¸āĻ•āĻ“ āĻŦāĻŸে āĻāĻŦং āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়, āĻ¨āĻĻী, āĻ…āĻ°āĻŖ্āĻ¯ āĻ“ āĻŽৃāĻ¤্āĻ¤িāĻ•াāĻ° āĻĒূāĻœা āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻāĻ°া āĻ˜āĻ°-āĻ¸ংāĻ¸াāĻ°েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ™্āĻ—āĻ˛ āĻ•াāĻŽāĻ¨াāĻ¯় āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻĻেāĻŦāĻ¤া āĻŦাāĻšাāĻ¸্āĻ¤ো āĻŦা āĻŦাāĻšুāĻ¸্āĻ¤ো āĻāĻŦং āĻļāĻ¸্āĻ¯ āĻ°োāĻĒāĻŖেāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻŦāĻ˛িāĻ­āĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ াāĻ•ুāĻ°েāĻ° āĻĒূāĻœা āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻĒূāĻœা-āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻŖে āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ—ীāĻ¤োā§ŽāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻ¸ুāĻ˛āĻ­ āĻ¸াāĻŽাāĻœিāĻ• āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĨাāĻ°ূāĻĒেāĻ‡ āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻˇ্āĻ িāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯়ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻ–āĻ°া, āĻ…āĻ¨াāĻŦৃāĻˇ্āĻŸি āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ˛āĻ•্āĻˇে āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻˇ্āĻ িāĻ¤ ‘āĻšুāĻĻুāĻŽা’ āĻĒূāĻœা āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽীāĻ¯় āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻˇ্āĻ াāĻ¨।
āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļী āĻ¨াāĻ°ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻ—āĻšāĻ¨া
āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļী āĻ¨াāĻ°ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻ—āĻšāĻ¨া

āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļী āĻĒুāĻ°ুāĻˇāĻ°া āĻ§ুāĻ¤ি āĻ“ āĻœাāĻŽা āĻĒāĻ°ে। āĻŦিāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯় āĻŦāĻ° āĻ•āĻ¨ে āĻ‰āĻ­āĻ¯়āĻ‡ āĻĒাāĻĄ়āĻŦিāĻšীāĻ¨ āĻ¸াāĻĻা āĻ•াāĻĒāĻĄ় āĻĒāĻ°ে। āĻ†āĻ—ে āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļী āĻ¨াāĻ°ীāĻ°া āĻšাāĻ°āĻšাāĻ¤ āĻĻৈāĻ°্āĻ˜্āĻ¯ āĻāĻŦং āĻ†āĻĄ়াāĻ‡ āĻšাāĻ¤ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¸্āĻĨেāĻ° āĻšাāĻ¤ে āĻŦোāĻ¨া āĻŽোāĻŸা āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻŦāĻšু āĻŦāĻ°্āĻŖ āĻ°āĻž্āĻœিāĻ¤ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤্āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ো। āĻāĻŸিāĻ•ে āĻŦāĻ˛া āĻšāĻ¤ো ‘āĻĢāĻ¤া’। āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ে āĻ¸ুāĻ¤াāĻ° āĻ…āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻāĻŸি āĻ†āĻ° āĻ¤ৈāĻ°ি āĻšāĻ¯় āĻ¨া। āĻ¨াāĻ°ীāĻ°া āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ—āĻšāĻ¨া āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ¨। āĻšুāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻ…āĻ˛ংāĻ•াāĻ° āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ¸িঁāĻĨা-āĻĒাāĻŸি, āĻ¸েঁāĻĻ, āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ¨। āĻ“āĻ¨্āĻ¤ি, āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¤ি, āĻ¸াāĻĻিāĻ¯়া-āĻĒাāĻ¤, āĻ—ুāĻœি, āĻ¸োāĻ¨া, āĻ¸িāĻ¸া, āĻšাāĻ•ি, āĻ¸াāĻ•িāĻ°ি āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ­ৃāĻ¤ি āĻšāĻš্āĻ›ে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ•াāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ…āĻ˛ংāĻ•াāĻ°। āĻ—āĻ˛াāĻ¯় āĻ¸ূāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻšাāĻ°, āĻšāĻ¨্āĻĻ্āĻ°āĻšাāĻ°, āĻļিāĻ•āĻ‡āĻ˛ āĻšাāĻ°, āĻ•াāĻ ি-āĻŽাāĻ˛া, āĻ›োāĻ°া-āĻ•াāĻ ি āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ­ৃāĻ¤ি āĻ…āĻ˛ংāĻ•াāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻ•োāĻŽāĻ°ে āĻ—োāĻŸা-āĻ–াāĻ°ু, āĻ—োāĻ•ুāĻ˛ āĻ–াāĻ°ু, āĻŽোāĻŸা āĻ–াāĻ°ু, āĻŽুāĻŸিāĻ¯়া-āĻ–াāĻ°ু, āĻŦাāĻ‰āĻŸি-āĻšুāĻ°াāĻ¤ি, āĻ°āĻ¤āĻ¨āĻšুāĻ° āĻāĻŦং āĻšাāĻ¤ে āĻŽোāĻŸা-āĻ–াāĻ°ু, āĻļাঁāĻ–া-āĻ–াāĻ°ু, āĻ—āĻœāĻ°া, āĻ¸োāĻŽāĻĒাāĻ¤্āĻ¤ি āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ­ৃāĻ¤ি āĻĒāĻ°ে। āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļীāĻ°া āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ—োāĻ¤্āĻ°āĻ¨াāĻŽ āĻ—্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ›ে। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ—োāĻ¤্āĻ°āĻ—ুāĻ˛ি āĻšāĻ˛ো: āĻ•াāĻļ্āĻ¯āĻĒ, āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻĄিāĻ˛্āĻ¯, āĻĒāĻ°াāĻļāĻ°, āĻ­āĻ°āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻœ, āĻ—ৌāĻ¤āĻŽ, āĻ¸āĻŦāĻ°্āĻŖ, āĻ•āĻĒিāĻ˛ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ­ৃāĻ¤ি।
āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ•োāĻ¨ āĻ˛েāĻ–্āĻ¯ āĻ­াāĻˇা āĻŦা āĻŦāĻ°্āĻŖāĻŽাāĻ˛া āĻ¨েāĻ‡। āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ­াāĻˇা āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨িāĻ• āĻ¤āĻĨা āĻ†āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛িāĻ• āĻ­াāĻˇাāĻ° āĻāĻ• āĻŽিāĻļ্āĻ°āĻ°ূāĻĒ। āĻāĻ°া āĻ¯ে āĻ†āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛িāĻ• āĻŽিāĻļ্āĻ° āĻ­াāĻˇাāĻ¯় āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻ¤া āĻ•াāĻ°āĻ“ āĻ•াāĻ°āĻ“ āĻŦিāĻšাāĻ°ে ‘āĻŦিāĻ•ৃāĻ¤’ āĻŦাংāĻ˛া। āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĨাāĻ¯় āĻ¸াঁāĻ“āĻ¤াāĻ˛, āĻ“āĻ°াāĻ“ঁāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻšāĻ°ীāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ­াāĻŦ āĻ¯āĻĨেāĻˇ্āĻŸ। āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻŦিāĻš্āĻ›েāĻĻ, āĻĒুāĻ¨āĻ°্āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻ“ āĻŦিāĻ§āĻŦা āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻœে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻšāĻ˛িāĻ¤। āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻŦিāĻ§āĻŦা āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻšেāĻ° āĻ•্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে āĻĻেāĻŦāĻ°āĻĻেāĻ° āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻ…āĻ—্āĻ°āĻ—āĻŖ্āĻ¯। āĻ°াāĻœāĻŦংāĻļীāĻ°া āĻŽৃāĻ¤āĻĻেāĻš āĻĒুāĻĄ়িāĻ¯়ে āĻ¸ā§ŽāĻ•াāĻ° āĻ•াāĻœ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻ° āĻŽৃāĻ¤ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ•্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻļ্āĻ°াāĻĻ্āĻ§āĻ•āĻ°্āĻŽ āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻˇ্āĻ িāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯়।
āĻ¤āĻĨ্āĻ¯āĻ¸ুāĻ¤্āĻ°ঃ āĻ†āĻšāĻŽāĻĻ āĻ°āĻĢিāĻ• (āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĒিāĻĄিā§Ÿা), āĻ›āĻŦিঃ āĻ¸ংāĻ—্āĻ°āĻš

āĻŽুāĻ°ং

āĻŽুāĻ°ং āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤িāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ—ো-āĻŦāĻ˛ি āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻ¸āĻŦ।
āĻŽুāĻ°ং āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ি। āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻŸি āĻŦāĻšুāĻŦāĻšāĻ¨ āĻ¯াāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŦāĻšāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛ ‘āĻŽ্āĻ°ো’। ‘āĻŽ্āĻ°ো’ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇ। āĻŽ্āĻ°ো āĻ­াāĻˇাāĻ¯় ‘āĻŽ্āĻ°ো’āĻ°া āĻ¨িāĻœেāĻĻেāĻ° ‘āĻŽাāĻ°ুāĻšা’ āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻŽুāĻ°ুংāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ­াāĻˇা āĻŽৌāĻ–িāĻ•।
āĻŽ্āĻ°ো āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŸ্āĻŸāĻ—্āĻ°াāĻŽেāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻŦāĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻšীāĻ¨ āĻœাāĻ¤ি āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāĻ¨্āĻĻāĻ°āĻŦাāĻ¨ āĻœেāĻ˛াāĻ° āĻĻ্āĻŦিāĻ¤ীāĻ¯় āĻŦৃāĻšāĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻœাāĻ¤ি। āĻŽ্āĻ°োāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ†āĻĻি āĻ¨িāĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻŽাāĻ¯়āĻ¨াāĻŽাāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ†āĻ°াāĻ•াāĻ¨ āĻ°াāĻœ্āĻ¯। āĻ†āĻ¨ুāĻŽাāĻ¨িāĻ• ā§§ā§Ēā§Šā§Ļ āĻ–্āĻ°িঃ āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨাā§Ž āĻ†āĻœ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻ¯় ā§Ģā§¯ā§¨ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ে āĻŽ্āĻ°োāĻ°া āĻŦাāĻ¨্āĻĻāĻ°āĻŦাāĻ¨ āĻœেāĻ˛াāĻ° āĻ˛াāĻŽা, āĻ†āĻ˛ীāĻ•āĻĻāĻŽ, āĻĨাāĻ¨āĻ›ি āĻ“ āĻ¨াāĻ‡āĻ•্āĻˇ্āĻ¯ংāĻ›āĻĄ়ি āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•াāĻ¯় āĻ†āĻļ্āĻ°āĻ¯় āĻ¨িāĻ¯়ে āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¯়ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻŽ্āĻ°োāĻ°া āĻŽূāĻ˛āĻ¤ঃ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻĒূāĻœাāĻ°ী āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ“ āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•াংāĻļāĻ‡ āĻŦৌāĻĻ্āĻ§ āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽাāĻŦāĻ˛āĻŽ্āĻŦী। āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻ•āĻ¯়েāĻ• āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ে āĻŽ্āĻ°োāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻāĻ•āĻŸা āĻ¨āĻ¤ুāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽ ‘āĻ•্āĻ°াāĻŽা’ āĻ†āĻ°্āĻŦিāĻ­াāĻŦেāĻ° āĻĢāĻ˛ে āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ে āĻŽ্āĻ°োāĻĻেāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻ•্āĻ°াāĻŽা āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽেāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ি। āĻ¸āĻĒ্āĻ¤āĻĻāĻļ āĻļāĻ¤াāĻŦ্āĻĻীāĻ° āĻĻিāĻ•ে āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤িāĻ°া āĻ†āĻ°āĻ•াāĻ¨ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒাāĻ˛িāĻ¯়ে āĻ†āĻ˛িāĻ•āĻĻāĻŽেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ী āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ•াāĻ¯় āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¯়ীāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻŦাāĻ°্āĻŽাāĻ° āĻ†āĻ•িāĻ¯়াāĻŦ āĻœেāĻ˛াāĻ¯় āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ো āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœাāĻ¤ীāĻ¯় āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¤ি āĻŦিāĻĻ্āĻ¯āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻœাāĻ¨া āĻ¯াāĻ¯়।
āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœেāĻ˛া āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ° āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĻেāĻĄ় āĻ•ি.āĻŽিāĻŸাāĻ° āĻĻুāĻ°ে āĻšিāĻ“āĻ¨ী āĻĒাāĻĄ়া āĻ“ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ¤āĻ˛ী āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•াāĻ¯় āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯়েāĻ° ā§¨āĻŸি āĻĒাāĻĄ়া āĻ°āĻ¯়েāĻ›ে। āĻ¤াāĻ›াāĻĄ়া āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ী āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•া āĻ¤ৈāĻ¨ āĻŽৌāĻœা, āĻŽাংāĻ—ু āĻŽৌāĻœা, āĻš্āĻ¯ৈং āĻŽৌāĻœা, āĻšাāĻ‡āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°া āĻŽৌāĻœা, āĻ¤ৈāĻ¨āĻĢা āĻŽৌāĻœা āĻāĻŦং āĻ¤ৈāĻ¨ āĻ–াāĻ˛ āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•া āĻ“ āĻŽাāĻ¤াāĻŽুāĻšুāĻ°ী āĻ¸āĻ¨্āĻ¨িāĻšিāĻ¤ āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ী āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•াāĻ¯় āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¤ি āĻ°āĻ¯়েāĻ›ে। āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻŽাāĻ¤াāĻŽুāĻšুāĻ°ী āĻ¨āĻĻী āĻ¤ীāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ী āĻ“ āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ‰āĻ˛্āĻ˛েāĻ–্āĻ¯āĻ¯োāĻ—্āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŽাāĻŖে। āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻœ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা āĻĒিāĻ¤ৃāĻ¤াāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻ•। āĻŽুāĻ°ুংāĻĻেāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻ†āĻ˛ীāĻ•āĻĻāĻŽেāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ী āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•াāĻ¯় āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° ‘‘āĻ•িāĻŽ’’ āĻ˜āĻ° āĻ¤ৈāĻ°ী āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¤ি āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ¨। āĻŽুāĻ°ুংāĻ°া āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ˜āĻ°ে āĻœীāĻŦ āĻœāĻ¨্āĻ¤ুāĻ° āĻŽাāĻĨা āĻুāĻ˛িāĻ¯়ে āĻ°েāĻ–ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻŽুāĻ°ুংāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻ•āĻ¯়েāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ—োāĻ¤্āĻ° āĻ°āĻ¯়েāĻ›ে; āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে- āĻ™াāĻ°ুāĻ¯়া, āĻĒ্āĻ°েāĻ¨্āĻœু, āĻœাāĻ˛া, āĻ•াāĻ¨āĻŦāĻ•, āĻ¨াāĻ‡āĻœাāĻš, āĻ¤াং, āĻĻেং āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ­ৃāĻ¤ি। āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤্āĻ¯েāĻ• āĻĒাāĻĄ়াāĻ¯় āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻ¨েāĻ¤ৃāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ীāĻ¯় āĻāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨āĻ•ে ‘āĻ•াāĻ°্āĻŦাāĻ°ী’ āĻ¨িāĻ¯ুāĻ•্āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻ¯়। āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ¨াāĻ°ী-āĻĒুāĻ°ুāĻˇ āĻ•āĻ োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻļ্āĻ°āĻŽী āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻĨ্āĻ¯ āĻ¸ুāĻ াāĻŽ। āĻŽেāĻ¯়েāĻ°াāĻ“ āĻĒুāĻ°ুāĻˇেāĻ° āĻĒাāĻļাāĻĒাāĻļি āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ী āĻœুāĻŽāĻšাāĻˇে āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻĒাāĻ°āĻĻāĻ°্āĻļী।
āĻŽুāĻ°ংāĻ°া āĻ…āĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻ˛্āĻĒāĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻŽেāĻ¯়েāĻ°া ‘āĻ“āĻ¯়াংāĻ•াāĻ‡’ āĻ¨াāĻŽে āĻāĻ•āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖেāĻ° āĻ›োāĻŸ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ§েāĻ¯় āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻ¯া āĻ¨াāĻ­ীāĻ° āĻ¨ীāĻš āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻšাঁāĻŸুāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ­াāĻ— āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻĒāĻĄ়ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻāĻŸি ā§Ž āĻĨেāĻ•ে ā§§ā§Ļ āĻ‡āĻž্āĻšি āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ“āĻĄ়াāĻŽাāĻ¤্āĻ°। āĻŽেāĻ¯়েāĻ°া āĻĒাāĻ¯়ে “āĻ•āĻ• āĻ•্āĻ¯াāĻ¨” (āĻ¨ুāĻĒুāĻ°) āĻ•োāĻŽāĻ°ে ‘‘āĻ°āĻ•āĻŽ” (āĻŦিāĻ›া) āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻĒুāĻ°ুāĻˇāĻ—āĻŖ ‘āĻĄং’ (āĻ˛েংāĻŸি-āĻŦিāĻĻ্āĻ°ি) āĻ¨াāĻŽে āĻāĻ•āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖেāĻ° āĻ•িāĻž্āĻšিāĻ¤āĻ•āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤্āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻŽেāĻ¯়েāĻĻেāĻ° āĻĒাāĻļাāĻĒাāĻļি āĻ›েāĻ˛েāĻ°াāĻ“ āĻŽাāĻĨাāĻ¯় āĻ˛āĻŽ্āĻŦা āĻšুāĻ˛ āĻ°াāĻ–ে। āĻ¨াāĻ°ী-āĻĒুāĻ°ুāĻˇāĻ°া āĻŽাāĻĨাāĻ¯় āĻ…āĻ§িāĻ•āĻ¨্āĻ¤ু “āĻšুāĻ°ুāĻ¤” (āĻšিāĻ°ুāĻ¨ি) āĻ—েঁāĻĨে āĻ°াāĻ–āĻ¤ে āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ¯াāĻ¯়। āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻŽেāĻ¯়েāĻ°া āĻŽাāĻĨাāĻ¯় āĻ•াāĻ¨ে āĻ“ āĻ–োঁāĻĒাāĻ¯় āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖেāĻ° “āĻĒাāĻ“” (āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ী āĻĢুāĻ˛) āĻ—ুāĻœে āĻ°াāĻ–ে। āĻ›েāĻ˛েāĻ°াāĻ“ āĻŽাāĻĨাāĻ° āĻšুāĻ˛āĻ•ে āĻ–োāĻĒা āĻ†āĻ•াāĻ°ে āĻŦেঁāĻ§ে āĻ°াāĻ–ে। āĻŽুāĻ°ংāĻ°া āĻĻাঁāĻ¤েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻāĻ• āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖেāĻ° āĻ°ংāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ˛েāĻĒ āĻĻিāĻ¯়ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻ˛োāĻšাāĻ•ে āĻ‰āĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻĒ্āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ•াঁāĻšা āĻŦাঁāĻļেāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ˛াāĻ—িāĻ¯়ে āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ°āĻ¸āĻ•ে āĻĻাঁāĻ¤ে āĻ˛াāĻ—িāĻ¯়ে āĻĻেāĻ¯়। āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻ›েāĻ˛ে āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻ—োāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻ•োāĻ¨ āĻŽেāĻ¯়েāĻ•ে āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°েāĻ¨া। āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻœে āĻ¤িāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻĻ্āĻ§āĻ¤িāĻ¤ে āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻšāĻ¯়ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻ°ীāĻ¤ি āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻ¯াāĻ¯়ী āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ›েāĻ˛ে āĻ•āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ° āĻĻেāĻšেāĻ° āĻŽূāĻ˛্āĻ¯ āĻŦাāĻŦāĻĻ āĻ°ৌāĻĒ্āĻ¯  āĻŽুāĻĻ্āĻ°াāĻ¯় ā§§ā§§ā§Ļ/= āĻŸাāĻ•া, āĻŽাāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻĻুāĻ§েāĻ° āĻĻাāĻŽ āĻŦাāĻŦāĻĻ ā§§ā§Ļ/= āĻŸাāĻ•া āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻ¯়। āĻāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ°ৌāĻĒ্āĻ¯ āĻŸাāĻ•া āĻ…āĻŦāĻļ্āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻļোāĻ§āĻ¨ীāĻ¯় āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻ—āĻŖ্āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻ¯়। āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻ—োāĻ¤্āĻ°েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽীāĻ¯়āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻ¨িāĻˇিāĻĻ্āĻ§। āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯েāĻ“ āĻŽāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻŽিāĻ˛ āĻ¨া āĻĨাāĻ•āĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻ˛াāĻ• āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĨা āĻŦিāĻĻ্āĻ¯āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻ°āĻ¯়েāĻ›ে।
āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻ›েāĻ˛ে āĻŽেāĻ¯়েāĻ°া āĻ—াāĻ˛ে, āĻ োঁāĻŸে āĻ“ āĻ•āĻĒাāĻ˛ে āĻ°ংāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ˛েāĻĒ āĻ˛াāĻ—াāĻ¯়। āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ে ā§§ā§Ģ āĻĨেāĻ•ে ā§¨ā§Ļ āĻœāĻ¨ āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ¯ুāĻŦāĻ•-āĻ¯ুāĻŦāĻ¤ী āĻŽুāĻ–োāĻŽুāĻ–ী āĻĻাāĻĄ়িāĻ¯়ে āĻ…āĻ°্āĻ§ āĻšāĻ¨্āĻĻ্āĻ°াāĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻ°āĻšāĻ¨া āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¤ৈāĻ°ী āĻŦাঁāĻļিāĻ° āĻ¸ুāĻ° āĻ“ āĻŦাāĻœāĻ¨াāĻ° āĻ¤াāĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻ˛ে āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻ¨াāĻšে āĻ“ āĻ—াāĻ¨ে āĻŦিāĻŦাāĻšিāĻ¤ āĻŽেāĻ¯়েāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻ¨িāĻ¤ে āĻĻেāĻ¯়া āĻšāĻ¯়āĻ¨া। āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯় āĻ¨িāĻœেāĻ°াāĻ‡ ‘‘āĻĒ্āĻ˛ুং” āĻ¨াāĻŽেāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻŦাঁāĻļি āĻ¤ৈāĻ°ী āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ে āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ ‘‘āĻŦুāĻĻুāĻŽ’’ (āĻāĻ• āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖেāĻ° āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়ী āĻ˛াāĻ‰) āĻāĻ° āĻļুāĻ•āĻ¨ো āĻ–োāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে ā§Ģ/ā§Ŧ āĻŦা āĻ¤āĻ¤োāĻ§িāĻ• “āĻ•াāĻ“” (āĻŦাঁāĻļেāĻ° āĻ•āĻž্āĻšি) āĻāĻ° āĻŸুāĻ•āĻ°া āĻĻিāĻ¯়ে āĻ āĻŦাঁāĻļীāĻŸি āĻ¤ৈāĻ°ী āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻ¯়।
āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯় āĻŽূāĻ˛āĻ¤ঃ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ•ৃāĻ¤ি āĻĒুāĻœাāĻ°ী। āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ‡āĻšāĻ•াāĻ˛āĻ•েāĻ‡ āĻ¸্āĻŦāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻŦ āĻœ্āĻžাāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ¨। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ে āĻĒāĻ°āĻ•াāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻ‡ āĻ¨েāĻ‡। āĻŽুāĻ°ুংāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽীāĻ¯় āĻŦিāĻ§ি āĻ¨িāĻˇেāĻ§ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŦāĻ˛িāĻ¤ āĻ•োāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽāĻ—্āĻ°āĻ¨্āĻĨ āĻ¨েāĻ‡। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽāĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāĻ¸ে āĻ†āĻ•ীāĻ°্āĻŖ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻ¸āĻŦেāĻ° āĻ¨াāĻŽ āĻšāĻ˛ো “āĻšিāĻ¯়া-āĻšāĻŸ-āĻĒ্āĻ˛াāĻ‡” āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨাā§Ž āĻ—ো-āĻšāĻ¤্āĻ¯া āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻ¸āĻŦ। āĻ—ো-āĻšāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻ•ে āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽীāĻ¯় āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻˇāĻ™্āĻ— āĻšিāĻ¸াāĻŦেāĻ‡ āĻĒাāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻ¯়। āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻœুāĻŽেāĻ° āĻĢāĻ¸āĻ˛ āĻ˜āĻ°ে āĻ¤োāĻ˛াāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ে āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯় āĻŽāĻšাāĻ§ুāĻŽāĻ§াāĻŽেāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻāĻ›াāĻĄ়া āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦাāĻ°ে āĻ•াāĻ°ো āĻ…āĻ¸ুāĻ– āĻŦিāĻ¸ুāĻ– āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ°োāĻ— āĻŦাāĻ˛াāĻ‡ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ¤্āĻ°াāĻŖ āĻĒাāĻ“āĻ¯়াāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āĻ¯ে ‘āĻšিāĻ¯়া-āĻšāĻŸ-āĻĒ্āĻ˛াāĻ‡’ āĻĒাāĻ˛āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻ¨। āĻ¤াāĻ°া “āĻšাāĻŽ্āĻĒুāĻ¯়া” āĻ¨াāĻŽেāĻ° āĻ…āĻĒāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻĒাāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻ¸ৃāĻˇ্āĻŸিāĻ•āĻ°্āĻ¤া āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽীāĻ¯় āĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ˛াāĻĒাāĻ¤াāĻ¯় āĻ˛িāĻĒিāĻŦāĻĻ্āĻ§ āĻ•āĻ°েāĻ›িāĻ˛ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāĻ¸ে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ•āĻ˛াāĻĒাāĻ¤া āĻ•েāĻŸে āĻ āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨েāĻ•ে āĻ†āĻŦাāĻ° ‘‘āĻ•্āĻ°াāĻŽা’’ āĻ¨াāĻŽেāĻ° āĻ…āĻĒāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽ āĻŽāĻ¤েāĻ“ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻŽুāĻ°ুং āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻ•োāĻ¨ āĻ˛োāĻ•েāĻ° āĻŽৃāĻ¤্āĻ¯ু āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻŽৃāĻ¤āĻĻেāĻš āĻ¸āĻĒ্āĻ¤াāĻš āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻ˜āĻ°েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻ°াāĻ–া āĻšāĻ¯়। āĻŽৃāĻ¤ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ•্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻĒাāĻļে āĻļুāĻ•āĻ°, āĻ›াāĻ—āĻ˛ āĻ“ āĻŽোāĻ°āĻ— āĻœāĻŦাāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻ¯়। āĻŽৃāĻ¤āĻ•ে āĻ¨āĻĻী āĻ¤ীāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ী āĻšিāĻ¤াāĻ¯় āĻĻাāĻš āĻ•āĻ°াāĻ° āĻ†āĻ— āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻ—াāĻ¨ āĻŦাāĻœāĻ¨া āĻ“ āĻ¨ৃāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŽে āĻ‰āĻ˛্āĻ˛াāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻ¯়।
āĻ¤āĻĨ্āĻ¯āĻ¸ুāĻ¤্āĻ° āĻ“ āĻ›āĻŦিঃ āĻ‰āĻ‡āĻ•িāĻĒিāĻĄিā§Ÿা

āĻ–াāĻ¸িā§Ÿা

āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻ¸িāĻ˛েāĻŸ āĻœেāĻ˛া āĻ“ āĻ­াāĻ°āĻ¤েāĻ° āĻ†āĻ¸াāĻŽে āĻāĻ‡ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—োāĻˇ্āĻ ী āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻ¸িāĻ˛েāĻŸেāĻ° āĻ–াāĻ¸িāĻ¯়াāĻ°া āĻ¸িāĻ¨āĻ¤েং (Synteng) āĻ—োāĻ¤্āĻ°āĻ­ুāĻ•্āĻ¤ āĻœাāĻ¤ি। āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ•ৃāĻˇিāĻœীāĻŦী। āĻ­াāĻ¤ āĻ“ āĻŽাāĻ› āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ–াāĻĻ্āĻ¯। āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻŽাāĻ¤ৃāĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦাāĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻ•াঁāĻšা āĻ¸ুāĻĒাāĻ°ি āĻ“ āĻĒাāĻ¨ āĻ–াāĻ“āĻ¯়াāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻšāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻŦেāĻļি। āĻ–াāĻ¸িāĻ¯়াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻিāĻ¤ āĻĒাāĻ¨ āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļে āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻœāĻ¨āĻĒ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়। । āĻšāĻ°āĻŽ āĻĻাāĻ°িāĻĻ্āĻ°্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻĨেāĻ•েāĻ“ āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻ˛োāĻ•āĻœāĻ¨ āĻļাāĻ¨্āĻ¤িāĻĒ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ°āĻ¯়েāĻ›ে āĻ¨িāĻœāĻ¸্āĻŦ āĻ¨িāĻ¯়āĻŽ-āĻ•াāĻ¨ুāĻ¨। āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻ–াāĻ¸িāĻ¯়াāĻ°াāĻ‡ āĻŽাāĻ¤ৃāĻ¤াāĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻœ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¯় āĻĒāĻ°িāĻšাāĻ˛িāĻ¤। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻœ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¯় āĻ•োāĻ¨ো āĻĒুāĻ°ুāĻˇ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ˛িāĻ• āĻšāĻ¯় āĻ¨া।
āĻĒুāĻ°ুāĻˇāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ¯়ে āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻļ্āĻŦāĻļুāĻ°āĻŦাāĻĄ়ি āĻ—িāĻ¯়ে āĻ“āĻ ে। āĻ¤াāĻ°াāĻ“ āĻ āĻ…āĻž্āĻšāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ো āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻšীāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯় āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻĻীāĻ°্āĻ˜āĻĻিāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°ীāĻ¤ি āĻŦāĻœাāĻ¯় āĻ°েāĻ–ে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ›ে। āĻĒাāĻšাāĻĄ়েāĻ° āĻĒাāĻĻāĻĻেāĻļে āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻŸিāĻ˛া āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•াāĻ¯় āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸। āĻĻাāĻ°িāĻĻ্āĻ°্āĻ¯ āĻ¸ীāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ¨িāĻšে āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛েāĻ“ āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ…āĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻ¨িāĻ°ীāĻš āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ°। āĻ¤াāĻšিāĻ°āĻĒুāĻ°, āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŽ্āĻ­āĻ°āĻĒুāĻ°, āĻĻোāĻ¯়াāĻ°াāĻŦাāĻœাāĻ° āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻœেāĻ˛াāĻ° āĻ¸ীāĻŽাāĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•াāĻ¯় āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ে। āĻ¸ুāĻ¨াāĻŽāĻ—āĻž্āĻœেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻāĻ˛াāĻ•াāĻ¯় āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻ¯় ā§¨ā§Ģā§ĻāĻŸি āĻ–াāĻ¸িāĻ¯়া āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦাāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ে। āĻœাāĻ¨া āĻ¯াāĻ¯়, āĻ–্āĻ°িāĻ¸্āĻŸāĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦ āĻˇāĻˇ্āĻ  āĻļāĻ¤াāĻŦ্āĻĻীāĻ¤ে āĻ†āĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ°া āĻ āĻĻেāĻļে āĻ†āĻ§িāĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻˇ্āĻ া āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ™্āĻ—ে āĻ¸ংāĻ˜āĻ°্āĻˇে āĻœāĻĄ়িāĻ¯়ে āĻĒāĻĄ়ে। āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ীāĻ•াāĻ˛ে āĻ āĻ†āĻĻিāĻŦাāĻ¸ীāĻ°াāĻ‡ āĻ…āĻ¨াāĻ°্āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻĒāĻ°িāĻšিāĻ¤ি āĻ˛াāĻ­ āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻ†āĻ°্āĻ¯-āĻ…āĻ¨াāĻ°্āĻ¯ āĻ¯ুāĻĻ্āĻ§ে āĻ…āĻ¨াāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ°া āĻĒāĻ°াāĻœিāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯়ে āĻŦāĻ¨ে āĻœāĻ™্āĻ—āĻ˛ে āĻ†āĻļ্āĻ°āĻ¯় āĻ¨েāĻ¯়। āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻ āĻ—āĻšিāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ¨েāĻ‡ āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻ•āĻ°ে। āĻĢāĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻļিāĻ•্āĻˇা āĻĻীāĻ•্āĻˇা āĻ“ āĻ†āĻ§ুāĻ¨িāĻ• āĻœীāĻŦāĻ¨ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĻূāĻ°ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻ–াāĻ¸িāĻ¯়াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸াংāĻ¸্āĻ•ৃāĻ¤িāĻ• āĻœীāĻŦāĻ¨ āĻŦেāĻļ āĻ¸āĻŽৃāĻĻ্āĻ§। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽীāĻ¯় āĻ“ āĻ¸াāĻŽাāĻœিāĻ• āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻˇ্āĻ াāĻ¨āĻ—ুāĻ˛ো āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻ†āĻ•āĻ°্āĻˇāĻŖীāĻ¯়। āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ­াāĻˇাāĻ¯় āĻ°āĻšিāĻ¤ āĻ—াāĻ¨āĻ—ুāĻ˛োāĻ“ āĻšৃāĻĻāĻ¯়āĻ›োāĻ¯়া।